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©2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2009; 15(2): 231-239
Published online Jan 14, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.231
Published online Jan 14, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.231
Table 1 Developement period of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
Clinical status | Compiled numbers | P-values | ||||
HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCC patients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series | |
Observation period (mean ± SD) | Total: 38 1 yr 1 mo-23 yr (10 yr 6 mo ± 6 yr 7 mo) | Total: 49 3 mo-24 yr (9 yr 4 mo ± 6 yr 4 mo) | ||||
NA | NA | NA | P = 0.307 | |||
(P = 0.815) | ||||||
Interval between liver damage and HCC diagnosis (mean ± SD) | Total: 34 | Total: 40 | ||||
0-22 yr 9 mo | 0-24 yr | NA | NA | NA | P = 0.740 | |
(10 yr 2 mo ± 6y 5 mo) | (9 yr 9 mo ± 7 yr 0 mo) | (P = 0.688) | ||||
Period from HCC development to death (mean ± SD) | Total: 18 | Total: 16 | ||||
2 mo-3 yr | 0-5 yr | NA | NA | NA | P = 0.047a | |
(1 yr 2 mo ± 12 mo) | (8.4 ± 14 mo) | (P = 0.401) |
Table 2 Analysis on gender and age of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
Compiled numbers (%) | P-values | |||||
Clinical status | HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCCpatients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series |
Gender | ||||||
Actual number | Total: 38 | Total: 50 | Total: 16743 | |||
Male | 7 (18.4) | 13 (26.0) | 12025 (71.8) | |||
Female | 31 (81.6) | 37 (74.0) | 4718 (28.2) | P = 0.1491 | P = 0.5121 | P = 0.244 |
Relative number | Total: 38 | Total: 50 | ||||
Male | 23.3 (61.3) | 38.0 (76.0) | ||||
Female | 14.7 (38.7) | 12.0 (24.0%) | ||||
Age at HCC diagnosis | Total: 38 | Total: 50 | Total: 16743 | |||
(mean ± SD) | (67.61 ± 8.58) | (68.54 ± 9.30) | NA | |||
< 40 s | 0 (0) | 2 (4.0) | 761 (4.6) | NA | NA | P = 0.410 |
50 s | 8 (21.0) | 6 (12.0) | 2818 (16.8) | (P = 0.614) | ||
60 s | 16 (42.1) | 21 (42.0) | 6179 (36.9) | |||
70 s | 9 (23.7) | 14 (28.0) | 5976 (35.7) | |||
< 80 s | 5 (13.2) | 7 (14.0) | 1009 (6.0) |
Table 3 Clinical status of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
Clinical status | Compiled numbers (%) | P-values | ||||
HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCC patients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series | |
History of blood transfusion | Total: 29 | Total: 38 | Total: 12602 | P = 0.040a | P = 0.581 | P = 0.041a |
+ | 3 (10.3) | 13 (34.2) | 3633 (28.8) | |||
- | 26 (89.7) | 25 (65.8) | 8969 (71.2) | |||
History of excessive alcohol intake | Total: 38 | Total: 50 | Total: 14694 | P = 0.812 | P = 0.056 | P = 0.352 |
+ | 1 (2.6) | 5 (10.0) | 3271 (22.3) | |||
- | 37 (97.4) | 45 (90.0) | 11423 (77.7) | |||
Co-infection | Total: 33 | Total: 40 | Total: 4121 | |||
HBV (prior) + | 2 (6.1) | 10 (25.0) | 2138 (51.9) | P < 0.001 | P <0.001 | P = 0.025 |
HBV (prior) – | 31 (93.9) | 30 (75.0) | 1983 (48.1) | |||
Co-infection | Total: 38 | Total: 49 | Total:16492 | |||
HCV + | 3 (7.9) | 10 (20.4) | 11488 (69.7) | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.044 |
HCV - | 35 (92.1) | 39 (79.6) | 5004 (30.3) | |||
Pathological findings of noncancerous lesion of the liver | Total: 31 | Total: 44 | Total: 4941 | P = 0.163 | P = 0.007b | P = 0.489 |
NL, CH, LF | 13 (41.9) | 15 (34.1) | 2691 (54.5) | |||
LC | 18 (58.1) | 29 (65.9) | 2250 (45.5) |
Table 4 Serum AFP levels, tumor sizes and number of HCC loci of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
Clinical status | Compiled numbers (%) | P-values | ||||
HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCC patients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series | |
Serum-AFP | Total: 37 | Total: 47 | Total: 15831 | |||
AFP- (< 15 ng/mL) | 15 (40.5) | 13 (27.7) | 5756 (36.4) | P = 0.597 | P = 0.216 | P = 0.214 |
AFP + (>= 15 ng/mL) | 22 (59.5) | 34 (72.3) | 10075 (63.6) | |||
Serum-AFP (ng/mL) | Total: 37 | Total: 47 | Total: 15831 | |||
(mean ± SD) | (2340.21 ± 8823.45) | (854.18 ± 2263.83) | NA | |||
< 15 | 15 (40.5) | 13 (27.6) | 5756 (36.4) | |||
15-199 | 12 (32.5) | 16 (34.0) | 5786 (36.5) | NA | NA | P = 0.106 |
200-399 | 1 (2.7) | 6 (12.8) | 902 (5.7) | (P < 0.001b) | ||
400-999 | 3 (8.1) | 2 (4.3) | 907 (5.7) | |||
>= 1000 | 6 (16.2) | 10 (21.3) | 2480 (15.7) | |||
Maximum tumor size of HCC | Total: 36 | Total: 48 | Total: 15788 | NA | NA | P = 0.744 |
(mean ± SD) (cm) | (3.75 ± 2.42) | (3.51 ± 1.69) | NA | (P = 0.028a) | ||
< 2 | 14 (38.9) | 11 (22.9) | 5123 (32.4) | |||
2.1-5.0 | 16 (44.4) | 29 (60.4) | 7434 (47.1) | |||
>= 5.1 | 6 (16.7) | 8 (16.7) | 3231 (20.5) | |||
Number of HCC loci | Total: 38 | Total: 49 | Total: 16187 | |||
(mean ± SD) | (1.58 ± 2.05) | (1.74 ± 1.97) | NA | NA | NA | P = 0.418 |
Single | 33 (86.8) | 38 (77.6) | 9365 (57.9) | (P = 0.805) | ||
Double | 2 (5.3) | 7 (14.3) | 2850 (17.6) | |||
Multiple | 3 (7.9) | 4 (8.1) | 3972 (24.5) |
Table 5 Therapy and outcome of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
Clinical status | Compiled numbers (%) | P-values | ||||
HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCC patients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series | |
Therapy choices for HCC | Total: 38 | Total: 47 | Total: 17005 | Operation vs CL or TAE P = 0.0481 | RFA, PEIT vs CL or TAE | |
CL or TAE | 18 (47.4) | 17 (36.2) | 4636 (27.2) | RFA,PEIT,MCT vs | P = 0.0271 | |
Operation | 8 (21.0) | 16 (34.0) | 5268 (31.0) | CL or TAE | RFA, PEIT vs | |
RFA, PEIT, MCT | 6 (15.8) | 6 (12.8) | 4890 (28.8) | P = 0.0181 | No therapy | |
Chemotherapy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 765 (4.5) | RFA,PEIT,MCT vs | P = 0.0032 | |
Others | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 122 (0.7) | No therapy | ||
No therapy | 6 (15.8) | 8 (17.0) | 1324 (7.8) | P = 0.0381 | ||
Clinical outcome | Total: 37 | Total: 49 | Total: 16646 | |||
Alive | 20 (54.1) | 31 (63.3) | 13946 (83.8) | P < 0.001b | P < 0.001b | P = 0.389 |
Dead | 17 (45.9) | 18 (36.7) | 2700 (16.2) | |||
Cause of death | Total: 16 | Total: 18 | Total: 2700 | Neoplastic death vs variceal rupture P = 0.0501 Cancer death vs GI bleeding P = 0.0131 | Neoplastic death vs variceal rupture P = 0.0501 | |
Liver failure | 8 (50.0) | 8 (44.4) | 581 (21.5) | |||
HCC rupture | 3 (18.8) | 4 (22.2) | 172 (6.4) | |||
Variceal rupture | 1 (6.2) | 1 (5.6) | 85 (3.1) | |||
GI bleeding | 1 (6.2) | 2 (11.1) | 55 (2.0) | |||
Neoplastic death | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1487 (55.1) | |||
Others | 3 (18.8) | 3 (16.7) | 320 (11.9) |
- Citation: Watanabe T, Soga K, Hirono H, Hasegawa K, Shibasaki K, Kawai H, Aoyagi Y. Features of hepatocellular carcinoma in cases with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(2): 231-239
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v15/i2/231.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.15.231