Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and statins in relation to colorectal cancer risk

Table 1 Characteristics of women with colorectal cancer and controls n (%)

Characteristic	Cases (n = 657)	Controls (n = 1342)1
Education
No high school diploma	95 (14.8)	119 (11.8)
High school diploma	312 (48.7)	632 (50.0)
Some college	143 (22.3)	312 (20.7)
College degree	91 (14.2)	257 (17.6)
Type of postmenopausal hormone therapy
Never	417 (65.2)	696 (55.7)
Estrogen only	73 (11.4)	145 (10.9)
Estrogen and progestin only	41 (6.4)	133 (7.2)
Other combination	109 (17.0)	344 (26.2)
Family history of colorectal cancer
No	492 (80.9)	1060 (87.2)
Yes	116 (19.1)	171 (12.8)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
< 25	273 (42.7)	538 (40.9)
25-30	206 (32.2)	465 (36.9)
≥ 30	160 (25.0)	314 (22.1)
History of colorectal cancer endoscopic screening (colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)
No	429 (67.3)	816 (61.5)
Yes	208 (32.6)	455 (38.5)
Smoking history (pack-years)
Never	311 (48.7)	677 (54.7)
< 10	101 (15.8)	208 (15.1)
10-20	53 (8.3)	127 (7.4)
≥ 20	174 (27.2)	305 (22.9)

¹Control percentages were age-adjusted to the cases age distribution. In this table, percentages are based on excluding unknowns in that category.

Table 2 Multivariable OR of colorectal cancer associated with statin and NSAIDs use

	Cases n (%)	Controls n (%)	OR1	95% CI1	OR2	95% CI2
NSAIDS
Never	462 (71.9)	837 (63.6)	1.00	Reference	1.00	Reference
Ever	181 (28.1)	480 (36.4)	0.69	0.55-0.86	0.70	0.56-0.88
Former	41 (6.4)	109 (8.3)	0.74	0.50-1.11	0.77	0.51-1.15
Current	140 (21.8)	371 (28.2)	0.68	0.53-0.86	0.68	0.53-0.88
Duration (yr)
< 1	8 (1.2)	25 (1.9)	0.71	0.30-1.65	0.71	0.30-1.69
1-4	85 (13.2)	233 (17.7)	0.70	0.52-0.93	0.70	0.52-0.94
≥ 5	88 (13.7)	222 (16.9)	0.68	0.51-0.92	0.71	0.52-0.96
Statins
Never use	453 (92.6)	1114 (93.2)	1.00	Reference	1.00	Reference
Ever use	36 (7.4)	81 (6.8)	1.03	0.66-1.60	1.17	0.74-1.85
Former	4 (0.8)	9 (0.8)	1.63	0.49-5.44	1.93	0.56-6.06
Current	32 (6.5)	72 (6.0)	0.97	0.60-1.55	1.09	0.67-1.78
Duration (yr)
< 3	17 (3.5)	41 (3.4)	0.96	0.51-1.80	1.07	0.56-2.03
≥ 3	19 (3.9)	40 (3.3)	1.10	0.60-2.00	1.27	0.68-2.38
Type
Lipophilic use	30 (6.1)	63 (5.3)	1.04	0.64-1.70	1.20	0.72-2.00
Hydrophilic use	7 (1.4)	20 (1.7)	1.06	0.43-2.63	1.10	0.44-2.77

¹Adjusted for age and reference year.

²Adjusted for age, reference year, education, post menopausal hormone use, first degree family history of colorectal cancers, body mass index, history of colorectal cancer endoscopic screening, and smoking.