Roles of Helicobacter pylori BabA in gastroduodenal pathogenesis

Table 1 Five major types of H pylori strains that do not produce BabA

babA gene	Status
Negative	Include babA/B chimeras
Present	Regulated by slipped strand repairing and the status is “off” (probably equal to babB/A chimeras)
Present	Lack a translation initiation codon (single case of babA1 in strain CCUG17875)
Present	Have a frameshift mutation(s) causing non-productive translation
Present	Without apparent mutations and without a hypothesis for the lack of expression

Table 2 PCR-based genotyping for the babA2 gene in H pylori positive cases n (%)

				Prevalence of babA2 gene
Study	Year	Population	Number studied	Total	Gastritis	PUD	Cancer	MALT	Duodenitis	Related to diseases
Western countries
Gerhard et al	1999	Germany	114	82 (72)	18 (51)	23 (100)	21 (78)	20 (69)		Yes
Prinz et al1, 2	2001	Germany	145	57 (39)	57 (39)					-
Rad et al1	2002	Germany	141	54 (38)	54 (38)					-
Zambon et al	2003	Italy	167	60 (36)	26 (28)	20 (49)			14 (42)	Yes
Oleastro et al	2003	Portugal	140	45 (32)	24 (23)	21 (58)				Yes
Podzorski et al	2003	USA	61	33 (36)	22 (36)					-
Oliveira et al	2003	Brazil	208	96 (46)	24 (32)	43 (54)	29 (56)			Yes
Rad et al3	2004	Germany	207	73 (35)	73 (35)					-
Lehours et al	2004	France	82	40 (49)	21 (54)			19 (44)		No
Gatti et al	2005	Brazil	89	42 (47)	37 (53)	3 (20)	1 (100)	1 (33)		No
Olfat et al	2005	Germany	92	41 (45)	19 (28)	22 (88)				Yes
		Sweden	74	33 (45)	21 (48)	12 (40)				No
		Portugal	91	31 (34)	12 (20)	19 (63)				Yes
		Finland	57	34 (60)	12 (46)	22 (71)				Borderline (P = 0.06)
Gatti et al	2006	Brazil	94	38 (40)	18 (41)	20 (40)				No
Asian countries
Mizushima et al	2001	Japan	179	152 (85)	34 (81)	73 (85)	36 (90)	9 (82)		No
Yu et al	2002	China	104	83 (80)	83 (80)					-
Lai et al	2002	Taiwan	101	101 (100)	41 (100)	46 (100)	14 (100)			No
Han et al	2004	China	141	90 (64)	28 (65)	50 (65)	12 (57)			Yes (DU vs GU)
Zheng et al	2006	China	72	28 (39)	11 (39)	17 (40)				No
Lee et al	2006	Korea	135	83 (61)	64 (57)		19 (86)			Yes
Erzin et al	2006	Turkey	91	49 (54)	7 (23)	12 (43)	24 (73)			Yes

PUD: Peptic ulcer disease; MALT: Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue; DU: Duodenal ulcer; GU: Gastric ulcer.

¹88% had German nationality and 12% were from other European countries;

²Samples were examined from the antrum and the corpus, and the corpus data are presented (in the antrum, 55 were babA2-positive);

³89% had German nationality and 11% were from other southern European countries.