Expression of pituitary homeobox 1 gene in human gastric carcinogenesis and its clinicopathological significance

Table 1 Comparison of the expression of PITX1 in normal tissue and tumor tissue from patients with gastric cancer

	PITX1
	n	Negative (%)	Positive (%)
Normal tissue	83	0 (0)	100 (100)
Tumor tissue	83	55 (66.3)b	28 (33.7)b

^bP < 0.001 vs normal tissue.

Table 2 Relationship between the expression of PITX1 in gastric cancer and biological behavior

	PITX1
	n	Negative (%)	Positive(%)
Gender
Male	53	42 (66.7)	21 (33.3)
Female	20	13 (65.0)	7 (35.0)
Age (yr)
< 60	32	22 (68.7)	10 (31.3)
≥ 60	51	33 (64.7)	7 (35.3)
Position
Upper (cardia & fundus)	16	12 (75)	4 (25)
Middle (body)	15	14 (93.3)	1 (6.7)
Lower (antrum)	53	30 (56.6)a	23 (43.4)a
Depth of invasion
T1/T2	29	15 (48.4)	16 (51.6)
T3/T4	54	40 (74.1)c	14 (25.9)c
Clinical stage
Early stage	17	8 (47.1)	9 (52.9)
Advanced stage	66	47 (71.2)	19 (28.8)
Differentiation type
Well1	38	19 (50)	19 (50)
Poorly2	45	36 (80)b	9 (20)b
Lymph-node metastasis
Yes	47	33 (70.2)	14 (29.8)
No	36	22 (61.1)	14 (38.9)

^aP < 0.05 vs upper and middle part of stomach;

^cP < 0.05 vs gastric cancer in T1/T2;

^bP < 0.01 vs well differentiation type.

¹Well-differentiated tumors, for example, papillary adenocarcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma.

²Poorly-differentiated tumors, including undifferentiated tumors, signet-cell carcinoma and mucous adenocarcinoma.

Table 3 Relationship between the expression of PITX1 in gastric cancer cell lines and the normal gastric cell line

	IDV
MGC-803	0.636 ± 0.092
BGC-823	0.306 ± 0.060a
SGC-7901	0.356 ± 0.081a
GES- 1	0.722 ± 0.102

^aP < 0.05 vs GES-1 cell line.