Hemodynamic effects of propranolol with spironolactone in patients with variceal bleeds: A randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Clinical and biochemical profiles of patients on propranolol or propranolol and spironolactone

Characteristics	Group A n = 17	Group B n = 18	P value
Male:Female ratio	12:5	15:3
Age (yr)	44.3 ± 7.98	46.61 ± 8.71	0.09
Ascites	10	8
Encephalopathy	1	2
Etiology
Alcoholic	6	10
Hepatitis-B	6	2
Hepatitis-C	0	1
Others	5	5
Varices
II	3	4
III	11	9
IV	3	5
Child’s score
A	3	4
B	8	9
C	6	5
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	2.26 ± 1.8	2.13 ± 2.13	0.85
Albumin (mg/dL)	2.89 ± 0.46	2.71 ± 0.78	0.42
Globulin (mg/dL)	3.72 ± 0.76	4.64 ± 2.26	0.12
ALT (IU/L)	79.35 ± 75.43	43.89 ± 18.20	0.08
Urea (mg/dL)	29.53 ± 11.03	28.6 ± 13.57	0.83
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.88 ± 0.27	0.84 ± 0.28	0.67
Na+ (mEq/L)	135.7 ± 4.9	133.22 ± 4.61	0.13
K+ (mEq/L)	3.74 ± 0.56	3.66 ± 0.49	0.64
Prothrombin time (INR)	1.21 ± 0.16	1.34 ± 0.40	0.30
Dose of propranolol (mg/d)	92.94 ± 23.39	88.89 ± 20.83	0.59

Values are shown as mean ± SE, P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Group A: Propranolol; Group B: Propranolol and Spironolactone; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 2 Hemodynamic parameters at baseline and on d 8 of therapy

Characteristics	Group A (n =17)			Group B (n =18)			Group A vs Group B P-value
	Baseline	d 8	P-value	Baseline	d 8	P-value	Baseline	d 8
Pulse rate (/min)	86.80 ± 12.0	69.17 ± 8.66	0.058	79.89 ± 10.21	64.66 ± 8	0.00003	0.08	0.12
SBP (mmHg)	123.88 ± 11.82	117.41 ± 9.45	0.0003	123.76 ± 11.3	118.44 ± 8.85	0.001	0.98	0.74
IVCP (mmHg)	7.29 ± 3.33	7.19 ± 2.95	0.89	7.33 ± 3.6	7.11 ± 3.34	0.74	0.97	0.95
FHVP (mmHg)	7.88 ± 3.12	8.82 ± 3.99	0.28	8.22 ± 3.64	9.00 ± 3.14	0.25	0.76	0.86
WHVP (mmHg)	24.65 ± 3.23	23.88 ± 5.11	0.54	24.56 ± 4.3	20.78 ± 3.83	0.00009	0.94	0.052
HVPG (mmHg)	16.76 ± 2.66	15.06 ± 4.35	0.04	16.11 ± 1.97	11.78 ± 2.07	-	-	-
RAP (mmHg)	4.88 ± 2.87	6.25 ± 2.57	0.007	5.11 ± 2.59	5.78 ± 2.39	0.27	0.81	0.58
MPAP (mmHg)	17.46 ± 3.91	19.58 ± 4.8	0.32	18.11 ± 4.43	18.80 ± 4.29	0.60	0.76	0.82
PCWP (mmHg)	14.54 ± 6.78	14.33 ± 6.82	0.94	15.50 ± 4.53	14.40 ± 4.95	0.48	0.69	0.98

All the values are shown as mean ± SE. P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. SBP: Systolic blood pressure; IVCP: Inferior vena cava pressure; FHVP: Free hepatic venous pressure; WHVP: Wedge hepatic venous pressure; HVPG: Hepatic venous pressure gradient; RAP: Right atrial pressure; MPAP: Mean pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP: Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; Group A: Propranolol; Group B: Propranolol and Spironolactone.