Effect of lifestyle intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese obese children

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the three groups

Index	Group1	Group2	Group3	F	P
	(n = 38)	(n = 19)	(n = 19)	value	value
Male/Female	26/12	13/6	13/6	0.000	1.000
Age (yr)	14.04 ± 1.8	13.4 ± 2.5	13.4 ± 1.6	0.904	0.410
BMI (kg/m2)	29.81 ± 2.41	29.61 ± 1.48	29.36 ± 3.11	0.223	0.800
ZBMI	3.53 ± 1.17	3.02 ± 0.39	3.44 ± 1.57	1.268	0.287
ALT (IU/L)	144.77 ± 26.73	152.26 ± 49.30	139.98 ± 19.82	0.711	0.495
AST (IU/L)	86.63 ± 21.54	93.26 ± 38.94	78.55 ± 23.11	1.432	0.245
TG (mmol/L)	1.44 ± 0.35	1.38 ± 0.38	1.51 ± 0.33	0.698	0.501
TCHO (mmol/L)	4.70 ± 1.18	4.82 ± 0.91	4.61 ± 1.03	0.200	0.819
FBG (mmol/L)	4.26 ± 0.42	4.15 ± 0.39	4.22 ± 0.43	0.527	0.592
FINS (IU/L)	15.50 ± 2.10	15.54 ± 4.50	15.42 ± 1.10	0.011	0.989
HOMA-IR	2.93 ± 0.44	2.87 ± 0.88	2.89 ± 0.32	0.087	0.917

BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Plasma alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TG: Triglyceride; TCHO: Total cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; FINS: Fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assent-insulin resistance; Group 1: Receiving no intervention as control; Group 2: Taking no drug and treated only with lifestyle intervention at summer camp; Group 3: Taking vitamin E, and controlled lifestyle intervention at home.

Table 2 Comparison of parameters among three groups by paired-samples t test

Index	Group	Before intervention	After intervention	t value	P value
BMI	Group1	29.81 ± 2.41	29.83 ± 2.32	-0.339	0.736
	Group2	29.61 ± 1.48	27.18 ± 1.83	12.892	0
	Group3	29.37 ± 3.11	27.92 ± 3.29	8.034	0
ZBMI	Group1	3.53 ± 1.17	3.55 ± 1.16	-1.765	0.086
	Group2	3.02 ± 0.39	2.15 ± 0.64	16.356	0
	Group3	3.44 ± 1.57	2.57 ± 1.57	9.438	0
ALT	Group1	144.77 ± 26.73	144.82 ± 25.51	-0.076	0.94
	Group2	152.26 ± 49.30	63.68 ± 23.38	9.654	0
	Group3	139.97 ± 19.82	73.28 ± 10.11	13.219	0
AST	Group1	86.63 ± 21.54	85.73 ± 19.60	1.017	0.316
	Group2	93.26 ± 38.94	45.09 ± 19.18	6.699	0
	Group3	78.55 ± 23.11	45.80 ± 6.66	6.9	0
TG	Group1	1.44 ± 0.35	1.46 ± 0.31	-0.69	0.494
	Group2	1.38 ± 0.38	0.99 ± 0.37	3.851	0.001
	Group3	1.51 ± 0.33	1.27 ± 0.28	4.6	0
THCO	Group1	4.70 ±1.18	4.69 ± 1.09	0.204	0.84
	Group2	4.83 ± 0.92	4.54 ± 0.98	2.783	0.012
	Group3	4.61 ± 1.03	4.23 ± 0.82	2.24	0.038
FBG	Group1	4.26 ± 0.42	4.26 ± 0.32	-0.046	0.964
	Group2	4.15 ± 0.39	4.13 ± 0.42	0.154	0.879
	Group3	4.22 ± 0.43	4.08 ± 0.41	1.11	0.279
FINS	Group1	15.50 ± 2.10	15.71 ± 2.19	-0.941	0.353
	Group2	15.54 ± 4.50	8.53 ± 4.08	4.322	0
	Group3	15.42 ± 1.10	8.77 ± 2.46	10.26	0
HOMA-IR	Group1	2.93 ± 0.44	2.97 ± 0.51	-0.886	0.382
	Group2	2.87 ± 0.88	1.63 ± 0.92	3.579	0.002
	Group3	2.89 ± 0.32	1.62 ± 0.59	8.08	0

BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Plasma alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; TG: Triglyceride; TCHO: Total cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; FINS: Fasting serum insulin; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assent-insulin resistance.