Anatomically realistic multiscale models of normal and abnormal gastrointestinal electrical activity

Table 1 Summary of simulated gastric model parameters compared to published values that have been determined experimentally

Source	[14]	[15]	[16]	[17]	Model
Species	Hound dogs	Mongrel dogs	Human	Mongrel dogs	Human
Frequency (cpm)	4-6	1.58-1.88	2.68-3.28	N/A	3
Duration (s)	N/A	6.8-8.5	N/A	Submucosal cells: 4.4-5.6	7.9
				Myenteric cells: 6.1-6.5
Propagation	N/A	Circular muscle:	Corpus: 2.2	Circular muscle	Antrum:
velocity (mm/s)		16.6-19.2	Antrum: 6.8	(fibre): 15.5-29.9	LM: 16.9
				Circular muscle	CM1: 12.5
				(cross fibre): 5.8-16.6	CM2: 10.7

Note the results from Horiguchi et al[16] are indirect measurements while the other sources are direct tissue measurements and results from Xu et al[15] correspond to isolated tissue strips. In the model results, LM is the outer longitudinal muscle layer, CM1 is the middle circular muscle layer and CM2 is the inner circular muscle layer.

Table 2 Summary of simulated intestinal model parameters compared to published values that have been determined experimentally

	Experimental data (Canine)			Model
	Frequency (cpm)	Conduction velocity (cm/s)	Wavelength (cm)	Frequency (cpm)	Conduction velocity (cm/s)	Wavelength (cm)
Duodenum	17.4	10.0	36.4	17.4	10.30	34.0
Jejunum	16.0	7.11	25.0	15.4	6.50	26.6
Ileum	12.2	1.22	3.7	9.9	1.65	8.2

Experimental data from Bauer et al[18].