Body awareness therapy: A new strategy for relief of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients

doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i23.3206

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Jun 21, 2007 (publication date) through May 8, 2024

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Clinical Research

World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2007; 13(23): 3206-3214
Published online Jun 21, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i23.3206

Table 1 Resource oriented body examination (ROBE)

Type	ITEM	Category	IBS patients			AHC
			0 wk	12 wk	24 wk
			%	%	%	%
(a)
Posture	Joint	Flexed	35	30	28	22
		Neutral	31	40^b	48^b	56^b
		Extended	34	30	24	22

Muscle	Grade	High	42	37	25	25
Palpation		Increased	35	26	41	27
		Neutral	19	30b	29b	45
		Decreased	4	7	5	3

(b)			M Md (IQR)	M Md (IQR)	M Md (IQR)	M Md (IQR)
Body
Function		2.2	2.5（1）	2.5 3 (1)^b	2.6 3 (1)^b	2.7 3 (0.5)^b

Resource oriented body examination for posture, body function and muscle palpation presented in (a) as %, in (b) as M Md(IQR) for IBS patients at 0, 12 and 24 wk of treatment and for AHC group. For body-function, the lower the score is, the more the symptoms are. M denotes mean, Md: median; IQR: inter quartile range; AHC: apparently healthy controls. ^bP < 0.001 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Table 2 Body awareness scale (BAS-H)

Group	0 wk		12 wk		24 wk
Category	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)
BASobs
AHC totally	1.5	2 (2)^d
Grounding	1.5	2 (2)^d
Mid-line	2.1	2 (2)^d
Centring	2.1	2 (1)^d
Flow	1.5	1 (2)^d
Respiration	1.4	2 (2)^d
Boundaries	0.5	0(0)

IBS totally	2.3	2 (4)	1.8	2 (3)^d	1.7	2 (3)^d
Grounding	2.3	2 (2)	2.2	2 (2)	2.0	2 (1)^a
Mid-line	2.9	3 (2)	2.4	2 (3)^b	2.1	2 (2)^d
Centring	2.9	3 (2)	2.4	2 (1)^d	2.0	2 (2)^d
Flow	2.4	2 (4)	2.0	2 (3)^a	1.8	2 (3)^d
Respiration	3.6	4 (1)	2.7	3 (2)^d	2.4	2 (1)^d
Boundaries	0.9	0 (2)	0.7	0 (0)^a	0.6	0 (0)^b

BASself
AHC totally	1.6	2 (2)^d
Grounding	0.8	0 (2)^b
Mid-line	1.6	2 (2)^d
Centring	1.3	0 (2)
Flow	2.1	2 (4)^d
Respiration	1.0	0 (2)^d
Boundaries	1.7	2 (3)^b

IBS totally	2.4	2 (4)	2.1	2 (4)^d	1.7	2 (3)^d
Grounding	1.7	2 (3)	1.5	2 (2)	0.9	0 (2)^d
Mid-line	2.8	3 (4)	2.4	2 (4)	2.0	2 (4)^b
Centring	1.5	2 (2)	1.1	0 (4)	0.7	0 (2)^b
Flow	3.4	4 (4)	3.4	4 (4)	2.8	3 (3)^a
Respiration	2.7	2 (4)	2.0	2 (4)^a	1.6	2 (2)^b
Boundaries	2.3	2 (4)	2.0	2 (3)^b	1.7	2 (2)^d

Results from the test BASobs and BASself for 21 apparently healthy controls and 21 IBS patients at 0, 12 and 24 wk. The result is shown totally and as items categorized. The higher the score is, the more the symptoms are. M denotes mean, Md: median; IQR: inter quartile range; AHC: apparently healthy controls.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.001 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Table 3 Gastrointestinal symptom score for 21 apparently healthy controls and for 21 IBS patients at 0, 12 and 24 wk of treatment and 6 mo after end of treatment

Category	Before treatment		After 12 wk		After 24 wk		6 mo after end of treatment
	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)
AHC group
Totally	0.4	0 (1)^d
Pain	0.4	0 (1)^d
Flatulence	0.4	0 (1)^d
Nausea	0.2	0 (1)
Constipation	0.6	0 (1)^b
Diarrhoea	0.3	0 (1)^d
Motility	0.5	0 (1)^d
Other	0.3	1 (0)^d

IBS patients
Totally	1.8	1 (3)	1.6	1 (3)^d	1.3	1 (2)^d	1.4	1 (2)^d
Pain	1.9	2 (2)	1.9	2 (3)	1.5	2 (2)^d	1.4	1 (2)^d
Flatulence	2.5	2 (3)	2.2	2 (2)^b	1.8	2 (2)^d	2.0	2 (2)^b
Nausea	1.4	1 (2)	1.0	0 (2)^a	0.9	0 (2)^a	0.8	0 (1)^a
Constipation	1.9	2 (3)	1.5	1 (2)^a	1.1	1 (2)^b	1.4	1 (2)^a
Diarrhoea	1.9	1 (3)	1.6	2 (1)	1.2	1 (2)^d	1.2	1 (2)^b
Motility	2.6	2 (3)	2.2	2 (2)^a	1.9	2 (1)^a	2.1	2 (2)
Others	1.2	1 (1)	1.2	1 (1)	1.1	1 (1)^a	1.1	0 (1)^a

The result is shown totally and categorized. The higher score the more symptoms. M denotes mean, MD: median; IQR: inter quartile range; AHC: apparently healthy controls.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.001 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Table 4 Score of pain presented as M, Md (IQR) experienced as drawings for apparently healthy controls and IBS patients at 0, 12, 24 wk of treatment and 6 mo after end of treatment and different qualities of pain from the pain drawing. The qualities are as marked in descending order

Pain	Baseline		12 wk		24 wk		6 mo after
	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)
AHC group	4.2	3 (4)^d
IBS patients	14.4	13 (14)	13.3	11(13)	9.7	7 (8)^b	10.0	9(19)^b
Bodypart	Pain quality
Neck	Burning, shooting
Arm	Ache slightly, numbing, shooting
Shoulder	Twinging, ache slightly, cramping
Head	Ache slightly, twinging
Back	Ache slightly, twinging, cramping
Stomach	Numbing, cramping, twinging, rasping
Breast	Twinging, cramping, pressure
Leg	Burning, ache slightly, numbing, shooting, cramping
Foot	Numbing, pain

The higher the score is, the more the symptoms are. M denotes mean, Md = median, IQR = inter quartile range, AHC: apparently healthy controls.

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.01 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Table 5 SCL90 score from 21 apparently healthy controls and 21 IBS patients at 0, 12 and 24 wk of treatment and 6 mo after end of treatment

Category	Before treatment		After 12 wk		After 24 wk		6 mo after end of treatment
	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)
AHC
Totally	0.3	0 (0)^d
Obsessive-compulsive	0.4	0 (1)^d
Sensitivity	0.3	0 (0)^d
Depression	0.4	0 (1)^d
Anxiety	0.4	0 (0)^d
Hostility	0.2	0 (0)^d
Phobic anxiety	0.01	0 (0)^d
Paranoid ideation	0.2	0 (0)^d
Psychotisism	0.1	0 (0)^d
Somatisation	0.2	0 (0)^d
Others	0.4	0 (1)^d

IBS patients
Totally	1.0	0 (2)	0.9	0 (1)^d	0.6	0 (1)^d	0.7	0 (1)^d
Obsessive-compulsive	1.3	1 (2)	1.1	1 (2)^b	0.8	0 (1)^d	0.9	0 (1)^d
Sensitivity	0.9	1 (1)	0.6	0 (1)^d	0.4	0 (1)^d	0.5	0 (1)^d
Depression	1.3	1 (2)	1.2	1 (2)	0.8	0 (1)^d	0.9	1 (2)^d
Anxiety	0.9	1 (2)	1.0	0 (2)	0.8	0 (1)^a	0.8	0 (1)^b
Hostility	0.5	0 (1)	0.3	0 (0)^b	0.3	0 (0)^d	0.3	0 (0)^b
Phobic anxiety	0.2	0 (0)	0.2	0 (0)	0.2	0 (0)^a	0.2	0 (0)
Paranoid ideation	0.8	0 (1)	0.5	0 (1)^d	0.4	0 (1)^d	0.3	0 (1)^d
Psychotisism	0.4	0 (1)	0.3	0 (0)^a	0.2	0 (0)^d	0.2	0 (0)^b
Somatisation	1.7	2 (3)	1.5	1 (3)^a	1.2	1 (2)^d	1.3	1 (2)^d
Other	1.2	1 (2)	1.2	1 (2)	0.9	0 (1)^d	0.9	0 (2)^b

The result is shown totally and as items categorised. The higher score the more symptoms. M denotes mean, MD: median; IQR: inter quartile range; AHC: apparently healthy controls.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.001 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Table 6 Sense of coherence (SOC) score from 21 AH controls and 21 IBS patients at 0, 12 and 24 wk of treatment

Category	AHC		0 wk		12 wk		24 wk
	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)	M	Md (IQR)
SOC totally	4.2	4 (2)^d	3.5	4 (3)	3.8	4 (2)^d	3.9	4 (2)^d
Comprehensibility	3.7	4 (2)^d	3.0	3 (2)	3.2	3 (3)^a	3.3	3(3)^b
Manageability	4.4	5 (3)^d	3.7	4 (3)	4.0	4 (3)^d	4.2	5(2)^d
Meaningfulness	4.6	5 (1)^d	3.9	4 (2)	4.2	4 (2)^b	4.1	4(2)^b

The result is shown totally and as items categorised. The higher the score is, the better the SOC is. M denotes mean, Md: median; IQR: inter quartile range; AHC: apparently healthy controls.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01,

^dP < 0.001 vs IBS patients at 0 wk.

Citation: Eriksson E, Möller I, Söderberg R, Eriksson H, Kurlberg G. Body awareness therapy: A new strategy for relief of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13(23): 3206-3214
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v13/i23/3206.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v13.i23.3206