Severe delayed complication after percutaneous endoscopic colostomy for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Cases of percutaneous endoscopic colostomy reported in the literature

First author, yr	n	Median age(yr) (range)	Underlyingcondition	Outcome	Complications	Severity ofcomplication1	Median follow-up(mo) (range)
Ponsky[12], 1986	2	76 (70-82)	ACPO	Clinical improvement (PEC removed in 1/2)	None	NA	0.3
Salm[13], 1988	2	64 (63-65)	ACPO	Clinical improvement (no PEC removed)	None	NA	Not available
Daniels[7], 2000	14	78 (53-99)	Sigmoid volvulus	Recurrence of volvulus after PEC removal in 3/8	Peritonitis (n = 1)	Severe	13 (7-21)
Rivera[9], 2001	12	(1.5-22)	Constipation	Clinical improvement (no PEC removed)	Granuloma formation (n = 5); urinary infection, seizures, systemic infection, and enterocolitis (1 each)	Mild (causal relationship for enterocolitis doubtful)	13 (2-31)
Ramage[8], 2003	5	67 (37-76)	ACPO, neurogenic bowel	Clinical improvement (PEC removed in 1/5)	Self-limited bleeding and transient fever (1 each)	Mild (n = 1) and severe (n = 1)	6 (2-12)
Thompson[4], 2004	3	57 (23-83)	CIP	Clinical improvement (no PEC removed)	None	NA	24 (1-30)
Rawat[11], 2004	14	5.6 (1.5-11)	Constipation	Clinical improvement excepted in 1 patient (PEC removed in 3/14)	Granuloma formation (n = 6), local infection (n = 3), and sepsis (n = 1)	Mild (n = 9) and severe (n = 1)	12 (2-51)
Einwachter[14], 2006	1	53	CIP	Clinical improvement (no PEC removed)	None	NA	6
Lynch[10], 2006	7	77 (51-84)	CIP, constipation	Clinical improvement (PEC removed in 3/7)	Local infection (n = 2), and peritonitis (n = 1)	Mild (n = 2) and severe (n = 1)	6 (1-12)

ACPO: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction; CIP: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction; PEC: Percutaneous endoscopic colostomy; NA: Not applicable. 1Severity as estimated by the present authors, according to original publications and the classification of complications proposed by Cotton[15].