Risk factors of acute cholecystitis after endoscopic common bile duct stone removal

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and CBD stone recurrence

	Cholecystectomy due to acute cholecystitis
	Yes (n = 17)	No (n = 83)
Mean age ± SD	58.9 ± 16.3	65.4 ± 12.0
Gender (M/F)	8/9	54/29
Recurrence of CBD stone	2/17 (11.8%)	11/83 (13.2%)

Table 2 Univariate analysis of potential risk factors for the development of acute cholecystitis after endoscopic CBD stone removal

Variable	n	Acute cholecystitis (%)	OR1	95%CI2	P value
Gender
Male	62	8 (12.9)	1
Female	38	9 (23.7)	2.10	0.73-6.01	0.13
Age
≥60 yr	74	11 (14.9)	1
<60 yr	26	6 (23.1)	1.72	0.56-5.24	0.25
Total bilirubin
≥1.3 mg/dL	67	7 (10.6)	1
<1.3 mg/dL	33	10 (31.3)	3.83	1.29-11.31	0.01
GB wall thickening
No	77	13 (16.9)	1
Yes	23	4 (17.4)	1.04	0.30-3.56	0.59
Patency of cystic duct
No	45	8 (17.8)	1
Yes	55	9 (16.4)	0.91	0.32-2.58	0.53
Presence of GB stone
No	48	4 (8.3)	1
Yes	52	13 (25.0)	3.67	1.10-12.18	0.02
CBD diameter
≥11.5 mm	88	12 (13.6)	1
<11.5 mm	12	5 (41.7)	4.52	1.23-16.59	0.03
Residual stone
No	91	15 (16.5)	1
Yes	9	2 (22.2)	1.45	0.27-7.66	0.48
Lithotripsy
Yes	13	0 (0)	1
No	87	17 (19.5)	1.24	1.12-1.38	0.11
Diverticulum
No	57	11 (19.3)	1
Yes	43	6 (14.0)	0.68	0.23-2.01	0.34
Liver cirrhosis
No	92	15 (16.3)	1
Yes	8	2 (25.0)	1.71	0.32-9.30	0.41
Diabetes mellitus
No	88	16 (18.2)	1
Yes	12	1 (8.3)	0.41	0.05-3.40	0.35
Cholangitis at ERCP
No	71	14 (19.7)	1
Yes	29	3 (10.3)	0.47	0.12-1.78	0.20
Pancreatitis at ERCP
No	88	15 (17.1)	1
Yes	12	2 (16.7)	0.97	0.19-4.90	0.67
Complication after ERCP
No	95	16 (16.8)	1
Yes	5	1 (20.0)	1.23	0.13-11.79	0.61

¹Odds ratio;

²confidence interval.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of potential risk factors for the development of acute cholecystitis after endoscopic CBD stone removal

Variable	OR1	95%CI2	P value
Total bilirubin
<1.3 mg/dL	4.62	1.39-15.33	0.01
≥1.3 mg/dL	1
CBD diameter
<11.5 mm	5.10	1.19-21.80	0.03
≥11.5 mm	1
Presence of GB stone
Yes	2.98	0.83-10.63	0.09
No	1

¹Odds ratio;

²confidence interval.