A study on p53 gene alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their correlation to common dietary risk factors among population of the Kashmir valley

Table 1 Correlation between clinicopathologic findings and p53 genetic alterations (n = 45)

Factors	Patients n (%)	p53 alterations		1P value
		Positive (%)	Negative (%)
Age (yr)				0.848
< 60	10 (22.2)	8 (80)	2 (20)
> 60	35 (77.7)	27 (77.14)	8 (22.8)
T-status				0.128
T1	5 (11.1)	3 (60 )	2 (40)
T2	7 (15.5)	3 (42.8)	4 (57.1)
T3	22 (48.8)	19 (86.3)	3 (13.6)
T4	11 (24.4)	8 (72.7)	3 (27.2)
N-status				0.114
N0	15 (33.3)	10 (66.6)	5 (33.3)
N1	30 (66.6)	26 (86.6.3)	4 (13.3)
M-status				0.2
M0	25 (55.5)	18 (70)	7 (30)
M1	20 (44)	15 (75)	5 (25)
Cell-differentiation				0.21
Well		25 (75.7)	8 (24.2)
Moderate		3 (42.8)	4 (57.1)
Poor		3 (60)	2 (40)

¹Chi-square (χ²) test with Fisher’s exact test was used to test the frequency distribution of p53 alteration.

Table 2 Some specific dietary habits of three groups consisting each of 51 individuals

Dietary group	Group I	Group II	Group III	At P values < 0.05, CD
Baked bread (Kandroo Roti)	41/51 (5 roti/d per person)	50/51 (4 roti/d per person)	45/51 (2 roti/d per person)	1.1
Hot salty tea with soda	43/51 (5 cups/d per person)	51/51 (4 cups/d per person)	48/51 (2 cups/d per person)	2.37
Meat	48/51 (0.82 kg/wk per person)	51/51 (0.75 kg/wk per person)	48/51 (0.500 kg/wk/person)	0.25
Red chillies	51/51 (78 g/wk per person)	50/51 (90 g/wk per person)	30/51 (38 g/wk per person)	20.2
Brassicia olerecia (Hakh)	51/51 (0.35 kg/wk per person)	51/51 (0.57 kg/wk per person)	51/51 (0.55 kg/wk per person)	19.5

Table 3 Frequencies of p53 genetic alternations detected by PCR-SSCP in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n = 45)

	p53 exons 5-8
	Exon 5		Exon 6		Exon 7		Exon 8
	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
No. of cases (%)	13	32	35	10	18	27	15	30
	28.8	71.1	77.7	22.2	40	60	33.3	66