Effect of verapamil on nitric oxide synthase in a portal vein-ligated rat model: Role of prostaglandin

Table 1 Baseline characteristics in different study groups (mean±SD)

Groups	n	Body weight	Mean arterial	Heart rate
		( g )	pressure(mmHg)	(beat/min)
Vehicle	8	326.7 ± 10.6	98.6 ± 3.6	296 ± 18
Verapamil	8	332.6 ± 11.8	96.5 ± 4.8	320 ± 16
Verapamil+vehicle	8	321.5 ± 9.8	99.5 ± 5.2	318 ± 20
Verapamil+NNA	8	330.8 ± 9.6	97.4 ± 3.8	317 ± 17
Verapamil+INDO	7	327.8 ± 8.5	94.2 ± 6.2	328 ± 14
Verapamil+ INDO+NNA	8	319.8 ± 7.9	96.2 ± 4.8	308 ± 15

NNA: N^w-nitro-L-arginine; INDO: indomethacin.

Table 2 Effect of verapamil in combination with NNA, INDO, and NNA plus INDO on systemic and splanchnic haemodynamics in PVL rats (mean±SE)

	Verapamil		Verapamil+NNA		Verapamil+INDO		Verapamil+NNA+INDO
	(n = 8)		(n = 8)		(n = 7)		(n = 8)
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
CI[mL/(min.kg)]	423 ± 38	298 ± 42a	425 ± 41	312 ± 48a	424 ± 39	332 ± 51a	426 ± 40	326 ± 49a
MAP(mmHg)	105 ± 5	96 ± 6a	106 ± 6	99 ± 7a	107 ± 4	98 ± 7a	106 ± 8	100 ± 7a
PP(mmHg)	15.0 ± 1.6	10.8±1.9a	14.3 ± 1.8	13.8 ± 2.1	15.2 ± 1.9	14.5 ± 2.4	15.1 ± 1.6	14.6 ± 1.4
PVI(mL/min)	27 ± 2.8	26 ± 3.2	26 ± 2.7	25 ± 3.4	28 ± 3.1	27 ± 3.5	27 ± 3.2	26 ± 3.9
HAF(mL/min)	7 ± 1.6	8 ± 1.8	8 ± 1.8	9 ± 2.2	7 ± 1.9	8 ± 2.2	9 ± 2.0	9 ± 2.8
PSS(%)	81.7 ± 7.2	63.6 ± 8.2a	80.2 ± 8.3	76.5 ± 9.2	81.2 ± 6.2	77 ± 7.8	80.5 ± 6.6	76.2 ± 9.5

CI: cardiac index; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PP: portal pressure; HAF: hepatic arterial flow; PSS:portalsyste-mic shunting; NNA: N^w-nitro–L-arginine; INDO: indomethacin; ^aP < 0.05 vs control group.

Table 3 Effect of verapamil in combination with NNA, INDO, and NNA plus INDO on systemic and splanchnic vascular resistance in PVL rats (mean ± SE)

	Verapamil		Verapamil+NNA		Verapamil+INDO		Verapamil+NNA+INDO
	(n = 8)		(n = 8)		(n = 7)		(n = 8)
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
TPR (dyh.s.cm-5× 104)	8.96 ± 0.87	6.45 ± 0.78 a	8.84 ± 0.72	8.47 ± 0.98	8.76 ± 0.88	8.52 ± 0.91	8.78 ± 0.93	8.58 ± 0.89
SAR (dyh.s.cm-5× 105)	4.38 ± 0.72	3.16 ± 0.62 a	4.51 ± 0.89	4.18 ± 0.71	4.45 ± 0.92	4.20 ± 0.84	4.46 ± 0.84	4.22 ± 0.94
PVR (dyh.s.cm-5 × 104)	7.49 ± 0.68	6.12 ± 0.58 a	7.46 ± 0.72	7.23 ± 0.67	7.54 ± 0.97	7.41 ± 0.95	7.46 ± 0.65	6.95 ± 0.87

TPR: total peripheral resistance; SAR: splanchnic arterial resistance; PVR: portal venous resistance; NNA: N^w-nitro–L-arginine; INDO: indomethacin. ^aP < 0.05 vs control group.