Molecular markers (PECAM-1, ICAM-3, HLA-DR) determine prognosis in primary non-Hodgkin’s gastric lymphoma patients

Table 1 Demographics and clinicopathological characteristics of 36 patients with primary gastric lymphoma

Characteristics	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Age of disease presentation (yr)	58.39 ± 15.39 (median: 59, range: 33-82)
Gender
Male	21	58.4
Female	15	41.6
Type of Surgery
Total gastrectomy	10	27
Subtotal gastrectomy	20	55.5
Unknown	6	17.5
Microscopic Margins
Positive margins	5	13.9
Negative Margins	31	86.1
Stage
I	17	47.2
II	7	19.4
III	6	16.7
IV	6	16.7
Histologic Grade
Low grade	15	41.7
Intermediate grade	7	19.4
High grade	14	38.9
Tumor Surface (cm2)	50.04 ± 47.9 (median 29.15, range 1.5-180)
Tumor Thickness (mm)	7.05 ± 4.07 (median: 6, range:1.5- 15)
Tumor Diameter (cm)	6.66 ± 3.8 (median: 5.75, range: 1-15)
Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Yes	25	69.4
No	8	22.3
Unknown	3	8.3

Table 2 Differences in tumor thickness, surface and diameter according to ICAM-3 expression status in patients with non-Hodgkin primary gastric lymphoma (mean±SD)

	ICAM-3 Tumor Expression
	ICAM-3 (+)	ICAM-3 (-)	P
	(n = 14)	(n = 16)
Mean tumor thickness (mm)	8.79 (± 4.67)	5.53 (± 2.81)	<0.05
Mean tumor surface (cm2)	70.07 (± 9.18)	29.70 (± 28.96)	<0.05
Mean tumor diameter (cm)	7.89 (± 7.89)	5.59 (± 2.78)	NS1

¹ NS: Non-significant.

Table 3 ICAM-3, PECAM-1 and HLA-DR antigen quantitative expressions according to tumor grade (mean±SD)

Gene expression (%)	Grade I	Grade II	Grade III	P
	(n = 15)	(n = 7)	(n = 14)
ICAM-3 (+) tumor cells	26.67 ±22.09	3.57 ±9.45	11.07± 5.95	< 0.05
PECAM-1 (+) tumor cells	6 ±10.55	10.71±13.36	7.14± 5.28	NS1
HLA-DR (+) tumor cells	40 ±25.98	55.71 ±26.21	31.43± 6.63	NS1

¹ NS: Non-significant

Table 4 ICAM-3, PECAM-1 and HLA-DR antigen expressions in gastric lymphoma tumor cells ¹

Gene expression	Frequency	Percentage(%)
ICAM-3(+)/PECAM-1(+)/HLA-DR tumor(+)	4	11.1
ICAM-3(+)/PECAM-1(+)/HLA-DR tumor(-)	1	2.8
ICAM-3(+)/PECAM-1(-)/HLA-DR tumor(-)	4	11.1
ICAM-3(+)/PECAM-1(-)/HLA-DR tumor(+)	8	22.2
ICAM-3(-)/PECAM-1(+)/HLA-DR tumor(+)	4	11.1
ICAM-3(-)/PECAM-1(+)/HLA-DR tumor(-)	1	2.8
ICAM-3(-)/PECAM-1(-)/HLA-DR tumor(+)	10	27.8
ICAM-3(-)/PECAM-1(-)/HLA-DR tumor(-)	4	11.1

¹While PECAM-1 and ICAM-3 were positive when more than 5% of the tumor cells were stained positive, HLA-DR antigen positivity depicted in Table 4 represents the 15% cut-off level used in our survival analysis.

Table 5 Five-year survival rate according to patients´ gender, tumor stage, histologic grade and microscopic resection margins

Characteristics	Number of cases	5-yr survival rate (%)	P
Gender			NS1
Male	20	65
Female	12	66.7
Stage			NS
I	16	62.5
II	9	66.7
III	1	100
IV	6	66.7
Histologic grade			NS
Low	13	76.9
Intermediate	7	71.4
High	12	50
Microscopic margins			NS
Positive	5	60
Negative	27	66.7

¹ NS: Non-significant.

Table 6 Multivariate Cox regression analysis I (Age, grade, stage, PECAM-1 and HLA-DR antigen expression were included)

Variable	P value	Exp (B)	95% CI for Exp (B)
Age	NS	1.0085	0.9541-1.0660
Stage	NS	2.0919	0.2317-18.8828
Grade	NS	0.2272	0.0475-1.0855
PECAM-1 tumor expression	P < 0.01	19.9490	2.7865-142.8178
HLA-DR tumor expression	P <  0.05	0.1373	0.0258-0.7299

Table 7 Multivariate Cox regression analysis II (Only PECAM-1 and HLA-DR antigen expressions were included, since they were the only statistically significant factors found in the univariate analysis)

Variable	P value	Exp (B)	95% CI for Exp (B)
PECAM-1 tumor expression	P < 0.01	10.3520	2.2196-48.2812
HLA-DR tumor expression	P <  0.01	0.1308	0.0286-0.5989