Single daily amikacin versus cefotaxime in the short-course treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotics

Table 1 Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients

Characteristics	Treatment regimen
	Cefotaxime	Amikacin	P
Number of patients	19	18
Male/female	2月17日	11月7日	NS
Age(yr)1	54 ± 17	58 ± 11	NS
Etiologies of cirrhosis (%)2			NS
Alcoholism	3 (16)	2 (11)
Chronic hepatitis B	14 (74)	11 (61)
Chronic hepatitis C	1 (5)	4 (22)
Child-Pugh score1	11.4 ± 1.2	11.1 ± 1.1	NS
Serum creatinine(mg/dL)1	1.5 ± 0.5	1.4 ± 0.4	NS

¹Data are presented as mean ± SD.

²Data are presented as number and percentage of total. NS: not significant

Table 2 Flora of ascites and blood

	Treatment regimen
	Cefotaxime (%)	Amikacin (%)	P
Ascites
Escherichia coli	4 (21)	3 (17)	NS
Klebsiella pneumoniae	0	1 (6)	NS
Citrobacter diversus	0	1 (6)	NS
Blood
Escherichia coli	2 (11)	1 (6)	NS
Klebsiella pneumoniae	1 (5)	2 (11)	NS
Streptococcus group B	1 (5)	0	NS
Vibrio amalonaticus	1 (5)	0	NS

Data are presented as number and percentage of total. NS: not significant.

Table 3 Results of treatment

	Treatment regimen
	Cefotaxime (%)	Amikacin (%)	P
Number of patients	19	18
Cure2	15 (78.9)	11 (61.1)	NS
Normalized PMN count2	18 (94.7)	15 (83.3)	NS
Serum creatinine(mg/dL)1	1.3 ± 0.8	1.5 ± 1.1	NS
Afebril in 72 h2	18 (94.7)	15 (83.3)	NS
Pain-free in 72 h2	19 (100)	17 (94.4)	NS
Recurrence2	3(15.8)	0	NS
Superinfection2	0	0	NS
Infection-related mortality2	0	3 (16.7)	0.105
Hospitalization mortality2	4 (21.1)	5 (27.8)	NS
Days of hospitalization1	12 ± 8	13 ± 9	NS

¹Data are presented as mean ± SD.

²Data are presented as number and percentage of total. NS: not significant

Table 4 Evaluation of nephrotoxicity

	Treatment regimen
	Cefotaxime(%)	Amikacin(%)	P
Number of patients	19	18
Renal impairment (%)2	2 (10.5)	2 (11.1)	NS
Urinary β2-microglobulin (mg/L)
Before treatment1	402 ± 80	1220 ± 392	NS
3 d after initiation1	779 ± 2465	612 ± 814	NS
2 d after withdrawal1	126 ± 119	173 ± 44	NS
increase > 2 000 mg/L (%)2	1 (5.3)	1 (5.6)	NS

¹Data are presented as mean ± SD.

²Data are presented as number and percentage of total. NS: not significant.

Table 5 Amikacin concentration (mean ± SD)

Blood peak level (μg/mL)	19.6 – 127.3 (40 ± 32)
Blood trough level (μg/mL)	1.3 – 73.7 (12 ± 22)
Ascites peak level (μg/mL)	4.3 – 80.1 (20 ± 25)
Ascites trough level(μg/mL)	1.2 – 78.9 (15 ± 26)