Significance and prognostic value of lysosomal enzyme activities measured in surgically operated adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction and squamous cell carcinomas of the lower third of esophagus

Table 1 Specific activities of lysosomal enzymes in 29 adenocarcinomas of the GEJ and surrounding normal mucosa (mean±SE)

Enzymes	Adenocarcinoma	Normal gastric mucosa	P
AGLU	27315 ± 3139	31210 ± 2490	NS
AMAN	89594 ± 8518	66653 ± 4066	<0.05
BGAL	318224 ± 43694	245442 ± 15421	NS
CB	324095 ± 39402	167582 ± 14842	<0.001
CL	392438 ± 44328	296166 ± 29044	NS
DPP I	2140499 ± 287604	1291759 ± 126796	<0.05
CH	491813 ± 51110	404285 ± 40939	NS
DPP II	80982 ± 9916	110728 ± 15265	NS
GCU	219615 ± 42364	178776 ± 18607	NS
HEX	213292 ± 28785	186396 ± 18779	NS
TPP I	921939 ± 328332	443130 ± 134508	NS
THP	36271 ± 14639	23382 ± 10817	NS

GEJ: gatroesophageal junction; NS: non significant; AGLU: α-glucosidase; AMAN: α-mannosidase; BGAL: β-galactosidase; CB: cathepsin B; CL: cathepsin L; DPP I: dipeptidyl-peptidase I; CH: cathepsin H; DPP II: dipeptidyl-peptidase II; GCU: β-glucuronidase; HEX: β-hexosaminidase B; TPP I: tripeptidyl-peptidase I; THP: thimet oligopeptidase (pmol /h·mg).

Table 2 Specific activities of lysosomal enzymes in 18 squamous cell carcinomas of the LTE and surrounding normal mucosa (mean±SE)

Enzymes	Squamous cell carcinoma	Normal esophageal mucosa	P
AGLU	54216 ± 16793	21596 ± 4106	NS
AMAN	86987 ± 14 625	36905 ± 2287	<0.05
BGAL	225913 ± 43791	135696 ± 24644	NS
CB	535860 ± 134809	114697 ± 13037	<0.05
CL	292996 ± 56644	60964 ± 14115	<0.001
DPP I	2328558 ± 634873	401436 ± 172042	<0.05
CH	578119 ± 50491	453922 ± 54228	NS
DPP II	41816 ± 7226	34539 ± 6833	NS
GCU	134414 ± 22391	115250 ± 19634	NS
HEX	149704 ± 30362	86965 ± 15449	NS
TPP I	191061 ± 20874	112048 ± 11472	<0.001
THP	45828 ± 7921	31459 ± 7164	NS

LTE: lower third of the esophagus; NS: non significant; AGLU: α-glucosidase; AMAN: α-mannosidase; BGAL: β-galactosidase; CB: cathepsin B; CL: cathepsin L; DPP I: dipeptidyl-peptidase I; CH: cathepsin H; DPP II: dipeptidyl-peptidase II; GCU: β-glucuronidase; HEX: β-hexosaminidase B; TPP I: tripeptidyl-peptidase I; THP: thimet oligopeptidase (pmol /h·mg).

Table 3 Relative activities of lysosomal enzymes in adenocarcinoma of the GEJ and in squamous cell carcinoma of the LTE (mean±SE)

Enzymes	GEJ	LTE	Ratio of LTE/GEJ
	Tumor/own normal mucosa	Tumor/own normal mucosa
AGLU	0.91 ± 0.09	2.55 ± 0.78	2.8
AMAN	1.39 ± 0.12	2.36 ± 0.32	1.7
BGAL	1.33 ± 0.16	2.01 ± 0.42	1.5
CB	2.15 ± 0.34	4.89 ± 1.2	2.3
CL	1.48 ± 0.17	6.21 ± 2	4.2
DPP I	2.34 ± 0.52	12.43 ± 5.3	5.3
CH	1.3 ± 0.12	1.44 ± 0.31	1.1
DPP II	0.83 ± 0.08	1.39 ± 0.23	1.7
GCU	1.36 ± 0.24	1.46 ± 0.33	1.1
HEX	1.29 ± 0.18	2.06 ± 0.45	1.6
TPP I	1.66 ± 0.33	1.77 ± 0.21	1.1
THP	2.36 ± 0.41	3.59 ± 2.3	1.5

GEJ: gatroesophageal junction; LTE: lower third of the esophagus; SE: standard error; AGLU: α-glucosidase; AMAN: α-mannosidase; BGAL: β-galactosidase; CB: cathepsin B; CL: cathepsin L; DPP I: dipeptidyl-peptidase I; CH: cathepsin H; DPP II: dipeptidyl-peptidase II; GCU: β-glucuronidase; HEX: β-hexosaminidase B; TPP I: tripeptidyl-peptidase I; THP: thimet oligopeptidase.

Table 4 Prognostic value of lysosomal enzyme activites in adenocarcinomas of the GEJ (mean±SE)

Prognosticcategories	Relative activity	AMAN	Specific activity	Relative activity	CB	Specific activity	Relative activity	DPP I	Specific activity
Siewert I	1.36 ± 0.19	NS	110 136 ± 20902	1.68 ± 0.37	NS	273838 ± 66573	1.37 ± 0.42	NS	1896366 ± 446446
Siewert II	1.49 ± 0.23		88413 ± 17021	2.42 ± 0.48		417978 ± 65610	2.58 ± 0.64		2673743 ± 638594
Siewert III	1.34 ± 0.19		79 101 ± 9469	2.20 ± 0.68		278994 ± 63462	2.68 ± 1.1		1861382 ± 384367
Papillary	1.54 ± 0.27	NS	92754 ± 22 466	2.79 ± 1.19	NS	368700 ± 112886	2.97 ± 1.60	NS	2156354 ± 763729
Signet-ring cell	1.42 ± 0.13		82743 ± 10 810	2.04 ± 0.27		29588 ± 58097	2.37 ± 0.59		2328450 ± 567443
Tubular	1.30 ± 0.26		90069 ± 8 722	1.80 ± 0.45		32476 ± 68549	2.10 ± 1.12		1916498 ± 504487
Grade 1	0.91 ± 0.11	P < 0.01	61931 ± 8716	0.95 ± 0.08	P < 0.01	210697 ± 54630	0.72 ± 0.06	P < 0.01	981478 ± 111507
Grade 2–3	1.63 ± 0.13		103425 ± 10283	2.75 ± 0.42		380793 ± 46390	3.14 ± 0.69		2720009 ± 332437
N0	1.00 ± 0.17	P < 0.05	67068 ± 10 377	1.03 ± 0.11	P < 0.01	201550 ± 55664	0.75 ± 0.07	P < 0.01	1053122 ± 122928
N1–N2	1.59 ± 0.13		10857 ± 10644	2.71 ± 0.43		385367 ± 44735	3.12 ± 0.69		2684187 ± 345227
Survival ≤ 2 yr	1.55 ± 0.14	NS	103466 ± 11103	2.76 ± 0.46	P < 0.01	382830 ± 49621	3.24 ± 0.74	P < 0.01	2722922 ± 373145
Survival ≥ 2 yr	1.13 ± 0.17		67052 ± 9135	1.16 ± 0.14		228650 ± 51792	0.87 ± 0.07		1194060 ± 160577
Stage II	1.19 ± 0.13	NS	80194 ± 8553	1.90 ± 0.50	NS	293720 ± 52833	1.98 ± 0.74	NS	1860244 ± 358265
Stage III	1.66 ± 0.18		102128 ± 15960	2.47 ± 0.41		36494 ± 59832	2.81 ± 0.73		2514172 ± 465458

GEJ: gastroesophageal junction; NS: non significant; N0: lymph node negative; N1–N2: lymph node positive; AMAN: α-mannosidase; CB: cathepsin B; DPP I: dipeptidyl-peptidase I.