Hepatitis B and alcohol affect survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Table 1 Demographics, risk factors for HCC by ethnicity.

Characteristic	Asians	Non-Asians	Pacific Isl	P
Patients	193	42	27
Mean age (yr)	61.4	61.3	53.4	0.0035
Males:females	2.06:1	7.4:1	2.86:1	0.025
Hepatitis B, %	46	4.8	50	<0.0001
Hepatitis C, %	26.6	53.7	37	0.0024
Alcohol abuse, %	31.6	52.4	42.3	0.031
Diabetes, %	29.1	39	11.1	0.044
Smoking, %	47.8	48.6	59.1	NS
IV drug use, %	4.8	35	20	<0.0001
Tattoos, %	1.1	12.5	4.2	0.001
Vertical transmit, %	24.8	2.6	11.1	0.0049
Transfusions, %	6.9	0	0	NS

Table 2 Risk factors by subgroups of Asian ethnicities.

Asian ethnicity	n	Hepatitis B, %	Hepatitis C, %	Alcohol abuse, %
Japanese	84	26.8	29.3	36.9
Chinese	40	77	12.8	10
Filipino	38	67.6	22.2	44.7
Korean	24	75	30.4	29.2
Southeast Asian	7	57.1	71.4	28.6

Table 3 Stage and treatment by ethnicity.

	Asians	Non-Asians	Pac Islander	P
Patients	193	42	27
Stage I	11	1	0	NS
Stage II	94	26	11	NS
Stage III	26	5	5	NS
Stage IV	62	9	11	NS
AFP <20	61/189 (32)	14/37 (37.8)	5/26 (19.2)	NS
CLIP <2	102/192 (53.1)	23/41 (56.1)	6/27 (22.2)	0.008
Child’s A	120	21	14
Child’s B	61	11	9
Child’s C	10	8	2	0.036
Liver resection	46	5	5	NS
Liver transplant	14	7	0	0.037

Table 4 Median/mean survival.

Characteristic	Mean (yr)	Median (yr)	P
Race
Asians (n = 193)	2.26±0.15	1.52	NS
Non-Asians (n = 42)	3.38±0.43	3.53
Pacific Islanders (n = 27)	2.83±0.56	1.86
Asians+Pacific Islanders (n = 220)	2.52±0.18	1.56	= 0.045
Non-Asians (n = 42)	3.38±0.43	3.54
Birthplace
US born (n = 126)	2.66±0.24	2.07	NS
Foreign born (n = 99)	2.64±0.22	2.39
Asian-US born (n = 85)	2.25±0.22	1.60	NS
Asian-foreign born (n = 84)	2.52±0.23	2.29
ETOH
No (n = 166)	2.90±0.20	2.40	= 0.005
Yes (n = 94)	2.10±0.25	1.34
Hepatitis B
No (n = 141)	2.98±0.23	2.40	= 0.023
Yes (n = 115)	2.04±0.19	1.41
AFP
< 20 ng/dL (n = 79)	3.31±0.29	3.69	= 0.0013
≥20 ng/dL (n = 172)	2.23±0.19	1.34
CLIP score
<2 (n = 130)	3.26±0.21	3.69	<0.0001
≥2 (n = 129)	1.89±0.23	0.81
Child’s class
A (n = 154)	2.97±0.21	2.73	= 0.0055
B (n = 81)	2.07±0.26	1.29
C (n = 20)	0.76±0.15	0.76