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©2005 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. May 14, 2005; 11(18): 2759-2763
Published online May 14, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i18.2759
Published online May 14, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i18.2759
Table 1 Selected characteristics of 121 children admitted to a public hospital in Salvador, Brazil, 2001-2002.
N (%) | |
Age group (in yr) | |
1-3 | 43 (35.5) |
4-6 | 50 (41.3) |
7-9 | 16 (13.2) |
10-12 | 12 (9.9) |
Gender | |
Male | 66 (54.5) |
Female | 55 (45.5) |
Ethnicity | |
Black | 56 (46.3) |
Mixed | 59 (48.8) |
White | 6 (5.0) |
Educational attainment of family supporter | |
Less than middle school | 87 (71.9) |
Complete middle and less than high school | 21 (17.4) |
High school or more | 13 (10.7) |
Household monthly income1 | |
Less than $US 100.00 | 38 (31.4) |
$US 100.00 to $US 190.00 | 63 (52.1) |
More than $US 190.00 | 20 (16.5) |
Crowding index | |
≤1.0 | 50 (41.3) |
1.1-2.0 | 45 (37.2) |
2.1-3.0 | 15 (12.4) |
>3.0 | 11 (9.1) |
Presence of enteroparasites | |
Endolimax nana | 61 (50.4) |
Ascaris lumbricoides | 48 (39.7) |
Trichiurus trichiura | 23 (19.0) |
Giardia lamblia | 19 (15.7) |
Entamoeba histolytica | 6 (5.0) |
Iodamoeba butschlii | 6 (5.0) |
Table 2 Seropositivity for H pylori and HAV in the study population, Salvador, Brazil, 2001-2002.
Age group (in yr) | Number of subjects | Seropositive for H pylori n (%) | Seropositive for HAV n (%) |
1-3 | 43 | 12 (27.9) | 7 (16.3) |
4-6 | 50 | 25 (50.0) | 19 (38.0) |
7-9 | 16 | 7 (43.8) | 12 (75.0) |
10-12 | 12 | 7 (58.3) | 7 (58.3) |
Total | 121 | 51 (42.2) | 45 (37.2) |
Table 3 Age-adjusted OR for the association between H pylori or hepatitis A infection (HAV) and selected characteristics in 121 children, Salvador, Brazil, 2001-2002.
Sociodemographic characteristics | Seropositivity for H pylori | Seropositivity for HAV |
OR (95% CI)1 | OR (95% CI)1 | |
Gender | ||
Male | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
Female | 1.0 (0.5-2.0) | 0.8 (0.4-1.7) |
Ethnicity | ||
Non-black | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
Black | 2.1 (0.9-4.5) | 0.7 (0.3-1.6) |
Crowding index | ||
≤1.0 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
1.1-2.0 | 0.8 (0.4-1.6) | 1.0 (0.5-2.2) |
2.1-3.0 | 1.0 (0.3-3.2) | 1.0 (0.3-3.4) |
>3.0 | 3.3 (0.9-12.4) | 9.6 (2.0-46.1)b |
Sanitary conditions | ||
Poor garbage disposal quality (vs good) | 2.5 (1.1-5.3)a | 2.3 (1.0-5.2)a |
Poor household excreta disposal system (vs good) | 1.7 (0.8-3.6) | 2.8 (1.2-6.1)a |
Home restroom outside the household (vs inside) | 2.6 (1.0-6.3)a | 3.8 (1.4-9.9)b |
Presence of intestinal parasites None | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
Ascaris lumbricoides | 1.3 (0.6-3.1) | 2.1 (0.8-5.4) |
Trichiurus trichiura | 0.9 (0.3-2.7) | 1.4 (0.4-4.7) |
G lamblia | 3.6 (1.1-11.8)a | 4.3 (1.3-13.9)a |
Endolimax nana | 1.7 (0.8-3.8) | 2.1 (0.9-4.9) |
Entamoeba histolytica | 0.7 (0.1-4.6) | 0.3 (0.0-3.4) |
Iodamoeba butschlii | 1.5 (0.3-8.6) | 0.4 (0.0-3.5) |
Table 4 Results of the multivariate analysis of selected variables and their association with H pylori or HAV infection in 121 children, Salvador, Brazil, 2001-2002.
Seropositivity for H pylori | Seropositivity for HAV | |
OR (95% CI)1 | OR (95% CI)1 | |
Age group (in yr) | ||
1-3 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) |
4-9 | 2.6 (1.1-6.1)a | 5.1 (1.913.9)b |
10-12 | 4.2 (1.0-16.7)a | 9.0 (2.039.5)b |
Sanitary conditions | ||
Poor garbage disposal quality (vs good) | 2.4 (1.1-5.1)a | 2.2 (0.94.9) |
Presence of intestinal parasites | ||
G. lamblia | 3.2 (1.1-9.5)a | 3.7 (1.211.7)b |
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Citation: Moreira Jr ED, Nassri VB, Santos RS, Matos JF, de Carvalho WA, Silvani CS, Sant’Ana CSE. Association of
Helicobacter pylori infection and giardiasis: Results from a study of surrogate markers for fecal exposure among children. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11(18): 2759-2763 - URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v11/i18/2759.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v11.i18.2759