Effects of emodin and baicalein on rats with severe acute pancreatitis

doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i14.2095

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Apr 14, 2005 (publication date) through Jan 26, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Basic Research

World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2005; 11(14): 2095-2100
Published online Apr 14, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i14.2095

Table 1 The standard of pathological score of pancreas.

Histological changes	Classification	Score
Edema	Lobar diaphragm widen	1
	Lobar + interlobular septae widen	2
	Lobar + lobulous + interacinar septae widen	3
Infiltration of inflammatory cell	1-10 leukocyte / HPF	1
	11-20 leukocyte / HPF	2
	>20 leukocyte / HPF	3
Fat necrosis	<2 necrotic cells / per lobule	3
	3-5 necrotic cells / per lobule	5
	>5 necrotic cells / per lobule	7
Parenchymatous necrosis	Necrotic area <5% total area	3
	Necrotic area accout 5-20% total area	5
	Necrotic area>20% total area	7
Hemorrhagic focus	<2 focus / per lobule	3
	2-4 focus / per lobule	5
	>4 focus / per lobule	7

Note: HPF = 400× microscopy.

Table 2 Survival rate of each group.

Groups	3 h (n = 8)	6 h (n = 8)	12 h (n = 12)
SO	8	8	12^a
Untreated	8	8	6
Emodin	8	8	12^a
Combined	8	8	12^a
Sandostatin	8	8	12^a

^aP<0.05, vs the untreated group.

Table 3 Ascites volume of each group (mean±SD, mL).

Groups	3 h (n = 8)	6 h (n = 8)	12 h (n = 12)
SO	1.13±0.32	1.15±0.30	1.21±0.32
Untreated	4.51±1.37	7.06±1.91	14.72±2.36
Emodin	4.15±1.32	6.90±1.58	10.54±1.86^b
Combined	4.44±1.31	6.29±1.97	8.47±1.23^b^d
Sandostatin	4.15±1.04	5.40±1.82^a	8.26±1.07^b^d

^aP<0.05;

^bP<0.01 vs untreated group.

^dP<0.01 vs emodin group.

Table 4 Serum amylase level of each group (mean±SD, U/L).

Groups	3 h (n = 8)	6 h (n = 8)	12 h (n = 12)
SO	1473.38±363.80	1425.00±304.85	1489.50±176.67
Untreated	4108.50±862.24	5059.63±326.35	5668.17±547.07
Emodin	3406.00±762.16^a	4033.38±481.53^b	4399.75±577.54^b
Combined	3524.38±637.19^a	3941.25±435.76^b	4225.50±435.70^b
Sandostatin	3518.50±636.9^a	3641.00±369.02^b	4255.00±605.2^b

^aP<0.05;

^bP<0.01 vs untreated group.

Table 5 Serum TNF-α levels of each group (mean±SD, pg/mL).

Groups	3 h (n = 8)	6 h (n = 8)	12 h (n = 12)
SO	53.12±6.57	60.00±8.61	62.92±10.43
Untreated	253.25±9.69	353.88±23.67	327.50±25.62
Emodin	185.13±21.35^b	306.50±16.83^b	249.42±29.86^b
Combined	199.38±23.69^b	267.50±21.04^b^d	264.25±40.79^b
Sandostatin	194.50±18.46^b	269.50±26.87^b^d	232.58±23.35^b

^bP<0.01 vs untreated group.

^dP<0.01 vs emodin group.

Table 6 Serum IL-6 levels of each group (mean±SD, pg/mL).

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h
SO	72.75±13.26	65.13±13.91	69.08±12.89
Untreated	252.00±21.21	304.63±29.60	299.67±18.02
Emodin	236.25±25.06	270.63±20.85^b	259.75±18.76^b
Combined	217.63±22.62^b	236.75±12.09^b^d	224.25±22.30^b^d
Sandostatin	214.75±24.22^b	237.50±21.26^b^d	212.00±18.78^b^d

^bP<0.01 vs untreated group.

^dP<0.01 vs emodin group.

Table 7 Pathological lesion score for pancreas of each group (mean±SD).

Groups	3 h	6 h	12 h
SO	0.50±0.53	0.88±0.64	0.83±0.48
Untreated	7.69±0.84	10.57±2.24	13.50±3.90
Emodin	6.31±1.44^b	8.75±0.97^a	10.67±0.86^b
Combined	6.19±0.96^b	6.94±0.73^a^d	8.38±1.05^b^d
Sandostatin	5.69±0.96^b	6.06±1.29^a^d	8.17±1.64^b^d

^aP<0.05;

^bP<0.01 vs untreated group.

^dP<0.01 vs emodin group.

Table 8 Pharmacodynamic comparation of emodin and baicalein[12-53].

Pharmacological function	Emodin	Baicalein
Antibiosis	Escherichia coli, Dysentery Bacillus. Aureus staphylococcus	G+,G- bacterium, fungi, spirilla
Anti-inflammation	Inhibiting inflammatory cytokine release, restraining vascular permeability, inhibiting leukotrienes synthesis	Anti-histamin release. anti-arachidonic acid metabolism, restraining vascular permeability, anti-allergy
Immunoregulation	Enhance immunity	(-)
Inhibiting pancreatin activity	Strongly suppressive effect on multiple pancreatins	Only on trypsogen
Protecting liver	Anti-hepatofibrosis, antagonzism of liver damage by CCL4	Anti-hepatofibrosis,
Protecting kidney	Inhibiting kidney compensative hypertrophy. Restraining proliferation of kidney fibroblast, preventing and curing earlier injury of kidney on rats with diabetes	(-)
Protecting pancreas	(+)	(-)
Cholagog	(+)	(-)
Diuresis	(+)	(+)
Antioxidation	(+)	(+)
Scavenging free-radicals	(+)	(+)
Anti-thrombosis	(+)	(+)
Circulatory system	Dilative effect on multiple blood vessel, depressing proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell	Double effects of vasodilatation and vasoconstriction
Gastrointestinal tract	Double regulation of isolated intestine, anti-gastric ulcer,reducing gastric acid and pepsin, purgate	Curative effect on acute and chronic gastroenteritis
Anti-endotoxemia	(+)	(+)
Fever relieving	(–)	(+)

“+”for positive pharmacological action; “–”for negative pharmacological action.

Citation: Zhang XP, Li ZF, Liu XG, Wu YT, Wang JX, Wang KM, Zhou YF. Effects of emodin and baicalein on rats with severe acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11(14): 2095-2100
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v11/i14/2095.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v11.i14.2095