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©The Author(s) 2004.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 1, 2004; 10(7): 1052-1055
Published online Apr 1, 2004. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i7.1052
Published online Apr 1, 2004. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i7.1052
Table 1 Univariate analysis of the association between GGT elevation and different variables
Variable | Category | n | GGT > 68 IU/L (%) | P |
Age | ≧ 50 | 2342 | 181(7.7) | < 0.0001 |
< 50 | 1869 | 77(4.1) | ||
BMI | ≧ 25 | 1206 | 105(8.7) | < 0.0001 |
< 25 | 3 005 | 153(5.1) | ||
Blood pressure | High | 563 | 45(8.0) | 0.047 |
Normal | 3 648 | 213(5.8) | ||
Hemoglobin | ≧ 14 | 1153 | 110(9.5) | < 0.0001 |
(g/dL) | < 14 | 3 058 | 148(4.8) | |
Cholesterol | ≧ 220 | 1408 | 122(8.7) | < 0.0001 |
(mg/dL) | < 220 | 2803 | 136(4.9) | |
Triglyceride | ≧ 150 | 667 | 89(13.3) | < 0.0001 |
(mg/dL) | < 150 | 3544 | 169(4.8) | |
Uric acid | ≧ 7.0 | 154 | 16(10.4) | 0.025 |
(mg/dL) | < 7.0 | 4057 | 242(6.0) | |
Diabetes | Present | 186 | 32(17.2) | < 0.0001 |
Absent | 4025 | 226(5.6) | ||
Fatty liver | Present | 391 | 36(9.2) | 0.008 |
Absent | 3820 | 222(5.8) |
Table 2 Coefficients between GGT and several variables in women with and without fatty Liver (Pearson’s correlation analysis)
Variable | Women withfatty liver (n = 391) | P value | Women withoutfatty liver (n = 3820) | P value |
Age | -0.035 | 0.485 | 0.091 | < 0.001 |
BMI | 0.022 | 0.670 | 0.164 | < 0.001 |
SBP | 0.078 | 0.122 | 0.131 | < 0.001 |
DBP | 0.101 | 0.046 | 0.123 | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.140 | 0.006 | 0.100 | < 0.001 |
Blood sugar | 0.129 | 0.011 | 0.195 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (mg/dL) | 0.108 | 0.032 | 0.186 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol | 0.187 | < 0.001 | 0.134 | < 0.001 |
(mg/dL) | ||||
Triglyceride | 0.226 | < 0.001 | 0.208 | < 0.001 |
(mg/dL) | ||||
AST (IU/L) | 0.411 | < 0.001 | 0.455 | < 0.001 |
ALT (IU/L) | 0.464 | < 0.001 | 0.524 | < 0.001 |
ALP (IU/L) | 0.272 | < 0.001 | 0.363 | < 0.001 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 0.188 | < 0.001 | 0.178 | < 0.001 |
Table 3 Relationship between GGT and fatty liver in women with and without elevated triglyceride (TG) Level
GGT > 68 IU/l (%) | Mean of GGT (GeometricMean ± SD) | |
Women with elevated TG level (n = 667) | 89(13.5) | 32.4 ± 1.9 |
With fatty liver (n = 137) | 22(16.1) | 38.9 ± 1.8 |
Without fatty liver (n = 530) | 67(12.6) | 30.9 ± 1.9b |
Women with normal TG level (n = 3544) | 169(4.8) | 22.4 ± 1.7 |
With fatty liver (n = 254) | 14(5.5) | 28.2 ± 1.7 |
Without fatty liver (n = 3290) | 155(4.7) | 22.4 ± 1.7b |
Table 4 Multiple regression analysis of association between logarithmically transformed GGT level and independent variables
Variable | Regression coefficient | T value | P value |
Age | -0.0007 | -1.77 | 0.076 |
BMI | 0.0058 | 4.82 | < 0.001 |
SBP | 0.0007 | 3.36 | 0.001 |
Hemoglobin | 0.0112 | 3.64 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol | 0.0004 | 3.20 | 0.001 |
Triglyceridea | 0.2160 | 11.38 | < 0.0001 |
Uric acid | 0.0300 | 8.23 | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | 0.1140 | 6.45 | < 0.0001 |
Fatty liver | 0.0340 | 2.60 | 0.009 |
R2 | 0.1630 |
Table 5 Factors contributing to elevated GGT level in women (n = 4 211)
Odds ratio | 95% CI | P | |
Age ≧ 50 years | 1.4 | 1.1-1.9 | 0.016 |
Hemoglobin ≧ 14 g/dL | 1.6 | 1.3-2.1 | < 0.0001 |
Triglyceride ≧ 150 mg/dL | 2.3 | 1.7-3.1 | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | 2.2 | 1.5-3.4 | < 0.0001 |
Table 6 Factors contributing to fatty liver in women (n = 4 211)
Odds ratio | 95% CI | P | |
BMI ≧ 25 kg/m2 | 3.3 | 2.8-3.9 | < 0.0001 |
Hemoglobin ≧ 14 g/dL | 1.6 | 1.2-2.0 | < 0.0001 |
Triglyceride ≧ 150 mg/dL | 2.3 | 1.8-2.9 | < 0.0001 |
Uric acid ≧ 7.0 mg/dL | 1.9 | 1.2-2.8 | 0.003 |
- Citation: Sakugawa H, Nakayoshi T, Kobashigawa K, Nakasone H, Kawakami Y, Yamashiro T, Maeshiro T, Tomimori K, Miyagi S, Kinjo F, Saito A. Metabolic syndrome is directly associated with gamma glutamyl transpeptidase elevation in Japanese women. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10(7): 1052-1055
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v10/i7/1052.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v10.i7.1052