Stress granules inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis during hypoxia-induced injury in acute liver failure

Figure 7 Graphical abstract. In the process of acute liver failure, hepatocytes were damaged by hypoxia and ischemia injury. At this time, the content of HIF-1α in cells increased, which inhibited the formation of stress granules (SGs) mediated by G3BP1 and promoted the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) marker molecules ATF4 and CHOP. The activated ERS pathway further promotes hepatocyte apoptosis. Promoting SGs synthesis can inhibit the level of hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the ATF4-mediated ERS pathway. SGs: Stress granules; ERS: Endoplasmic reticulum stress; ALF: Acute liver failure.