Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the risk and phenotypes of cholelithiasis: A multi-center study and meta-analysis

Figure 1 The flow chart of the study subjects screening process. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; 14C-UBT: 14C urease breath test; H. pylori (+): Helicobacter pylori-positive; H. pylori (-): Helicobacter pylori-negative (detailed data shown in Table 1).

Figure 2 The flow chart of the literature screening process. Detailed included articles shown in Table 4. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; WOS: Wed of Science.

Figure 3 The distribution of sample sources and detection methods for Helicobacter pylori of included studies. A: Sample sources for Helicobacter pylori; B: Detection methods for Helicobacter pylori. Detailed data shown in Table 4. 13C/14C-UBT: 13C or 14C urease breath test; CLO: Campylobacter-like organism; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.

Figure 4 The forest plot of the 44 included studies for the risk analysis of cholelithiasis. A: Cohort studies; B: Case-control and cross-sectional studies. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.

Figure 5 The results of subgroup risk analyses of cholelithiasis. A: The subgroup analysis of studies in Asia; B: The subgroup analysis of studies in Europe. CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.

Figure 6 The results of phenotype analysis of cholelithiasis. A: The analysis of position of stones; B: The analysis of chemical components of stones. CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.