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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2024; 30(27): 3326-3335
Published online Jul 21, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3326
Published online Jul 21, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3326
Figure 1 Endoscopic transparent cap-assisted endoscopic foam sclerobanding for the treatment of internal hemorrhoids.
A: An obvious red color sign of internal hemorrhoids was observed with the transparent cap (indicated by arrows); B: Submucosal foam polidocanol injection, the white foam, was prominently raised; C: Negative pressure remove and ligation of the hemorrhoids with a retroflexed position. The white ball (arrow) is the ligated mucosa after foam sclerotherapy injection.
Figure 2 Treatment and follow-up of a patient with grade III internal hemorrhoids.
A: Internal hemorrhoids with prolapse; B and C: Endoscopic foam sclerobanding (EFSB); D: 12 months after EFSB without apparently prolapse; E: Formation of scars (arrow) in retroflexed; F: Formation of scars (arrow) in normal position.
Figure 3 Flowchart of patient inclusion, exclusion and intervention.
During the study period, 217 patients with grade II or III internal hemorrhoids were enrolled. A total of 22 patients were excluded, 2 with ulcerative colitis (remission), 4 with malignant tumors, 1 with sicca syndrome, 3 over 60 years of age, 7 with colon polyps > 1 cm in diameter or at > 3 sites, and 5 who were lost to follow-up. The remaining patients were randomly assigned to endoscopic rubber band ligation (n = 97) or endoscopic foam sclerobanding (n = 98). EFSB: Endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding; ERBL: Endoscopic rubber band ligation.
Figure 4 Box plots.
A: Hemorrhoid severity score in the endoscopic rubber band ligation (ERBL) group and the endoscopic foam sclerobanding (EFSB) group according to follow-up time. Before procedure (T0), at 8 weeks (T4), and at 12 months (T5) post-procedure. Upper and lower whiskers indicate the 75th percentile plus 1.5 interquartile range (IQR) and the 25th percentile indicates minus 1.5 IQR. Outlier: A value greater than the 75th percentile plus 1.5 IQR; B: Pain visual analogue scale score in the ERBL group and the EFSB group on follow-up at 24 hours (T1) and 1 week (T2) post-procedure. Upper and lower whiskers indicate the 75th percentile plus 1.5 IQR and the 25th percentile minus 1.5 IQR.
- Citation: Qu CY, Zhang FY, Wang W, Gao FY, Lin WL, Zhang H, Chen GY, Zhang Y, Li MM, Li ZH, Cai MH, Xu LM, Shen F. Endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding for the treatment of grade II-III internal hemorrhoids: A prospective, multi-center, randomized study. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(27): 3326-3335
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v30/i27/3326.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3326