Copyright
©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2023; 29(30): 4628-4641
Published online Aug 14, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i30.4628
Published online Aug 14, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i30.4628
Figure 1 The mechanisms of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors in resectable esophageal cancer immunotherapy.
CD28: Cluster of differentiation 28; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4; MHC: Major histocompatibility complex; PD-1: Programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; TCR: T cell receptor.
- Citation: Leowattana W, Leowattana P, Leowattana T. Systemic treatments for resectable carcinoma of the esophagus. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29(30): 4628-4641
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v29/i30/4628.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i30.4628