COVID-19: Effect on gastroenterology and hepatology service provision and training: Lessons learnt and planning for the future

Figure 1 Reduction in United Kingdom wide endoscopic activity (cumulative number of procedures/week) during 1^st peak of COVID-19 infections. Source: United Kingdom’s National Endoscopy Database analysis, Rutter et al[42].

Figure 2 Summary of recommendations from major Hepatology societies across the world on management of liver diseases during the pandemic. Sources: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases[55]; British Society of Gastroenterology[9]; European Association for the Study of the Liver[56]; Indian Gastroenterology Society[21]; International Liver Transplantation Society[10]; Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology[54]. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Figure 3 Recommendations for safe and effective care provision and continuation of training during Pandemic. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; PPE: Personal protective equipment; SOP: Standard operating procedure.

Figure 4 Recommendations for exploring alternative investigations and practices during the pandemic. FOBT: Faecal occult blood test; FIT: Faecal Immunochemical Test; FCP: Faecal Calprotectin; CTC: CT colonography; iLFT: intelligent liver function testing;APRI: aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index; ELF: Enhanced Liver Fibrosis; OGD: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy.