Intestinal bacterial overgrowth in the early stage of severe acute pancreatitis is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Figure 1 Research sample screening and grouping process. ¹Classification of acute pancreatitis 2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. ²Report of the American-European Consensus conference on acute respiratory distress syndrome in 1994. Simplified standard: PaO₂/FiO₂ < 300 mmHg is defined as acute lung injury and PaO₂/FiO₂ < 200 mmHg is defined as acute respiratory distress syndrome, and excludes cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Group A: PaO₂/FiO₂ = 2; Group B: PaO₂/FiO₂ > 2; Group C: PaO₂/FiO₂ = 2; Group D: PaO₂/FiO₂ > 2; ICU: Intensive care unit; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP: Moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis.

Figure 2 Treatment process. MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP: Moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; CT: Computed tomography; ICU: Intensive care unit; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; CRRT: Continuous renal replacement therapy; Y: Yes; N: No.

Figure 3 The correlation between changes in intestinal bacteria and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome in the severe acute pancreatitis group. Group C: PaO₂/FiO₂ = 2; Group D: PaO₂/FiO₂ > 2.