Region-dependent effects of diabetes and insulin-replacement on neuronal nitric oxide synthase- and heme oxygenase-immunoreactive submucous neurons

Figure 1 Representative fluorescent micrograph of a whole-mount preparation of submucous ganglia from the colon of a diabetic rat after nNOS-HuC/D double-labelling immunohistochemistry. Red arrows indicate neurons labelled for HuC/D only, blue arrows show neurons double-labelled for both nNOS and HuC/D; Scale bar: 50 μm.

Figure 2 Proportion of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons related to the total number of submucous neurons in the duodenum, ileum and colon. A: Only in controls; B: in control, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. Data are expressed as mean ± SE; ^aP < 0.05 and ^eP < 0.0001 vs controls, ^cP < 0.05 vs diabetics. IR: Immunoreactive; C: Controls; D: Diabetics; ID: Insulin-treated diabetics.

Figure 3 Representative fluorescent micrograph of a whole-mount preparation of submucous ganglia from the colon of a control rat after HO1-peripherin double-labelling immunohistochemistry. Red arrows indicate neurons labelled for peripherin only, blue arrows show neurons double-labelled for both HO1 and peripherin; Scale bar: 50 μm.

Figure 4 Proportion of HO1-immunoreactive neurons related to the total number of submucous neurons in the duodenum, ileum and colon. A: Only in controls; B: In control, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. Data are expressed as mean ± SE; ^fP < 0.0001 vs control duodenum; ^gP < 0.0001 vs control ileum, ^aP < 0.05 and ^eP < 0.0001 vs controls, and ^dP < 0.01 vs diabetics. IR: Immunoreactive; C: Controls; D: Diabetics; ID: Insulin-treated diabetics.

Figure 5 Representative fluorescent micrograph of a whole-mount preparation of submucous ganglia from the colon of a control rat after HO2-peripherin double-labelling immunohistochemistry. Red arrows indicate neurons labelled for peripherin only, blue arrows show neurons double-labelled for both HO2 and peripherin; Scale bar: 50 μm.

Figure 6 Proportion of HO2-immunoreactive neurons related to the total number of submucous neurons in the duodenum, ileum and colon. A: Only in controls; B: In control, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. Data are expressed as mean ± SE; ^fP < 0.0001 vs control duodenum, ^gP < 0.0001 vs control ileum, ^bP < 0.001 vs controls, and ^cP < 0.05 vs diabetics; C: Controls; D: Diabetics. IR: Immunoreactive; ID: Insulin-treated diabetics.