Basic Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2017; 23(21): 3839-3849
Published online Jun 7, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i21.3839
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis of hepatocytes via the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway. LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; TLR: Toll-like receptor.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Hepatic tissue in each group as viewed by transmission electron microscopy. Apoptotic body (green arrow), nuclear shrinkage (yellow arrow), apoptotic hepatocytes (red arrow). D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 The level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in each group. aP < 0.05, vs control group; cP < 0.05, vs LPS/D-GalN group (n = 10). ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 4
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Figure 4 The level of TNF-α and IL-1β in each group. aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01, vs Control group; cP < 0.05, dP < 0.01, vs LPS/D-GalN group (n = 10). D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 5
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Figure 5 Apoptotic rates of liver cells in each group. aP < 0.05, vs control group; cP < 0.05, vs LPS/D-GalN group. D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 6
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Figure 6 The expression of TLR4, AKT, P-AKTSer473, GSK3β and P-GSK3βSer9 in each group. A: Representative western blot analysis of TLR4, AKT, P-AKTSer473, GSK3β and P-GSK3βSer9 protein; B: Quantitative analysis of TLR4. β-actin was used as an internal control; C: Quantitative analysis of P-AKTSer473/AKT; D: Quantitative analysis of P-GSK3βSer9/GSK3β. The total AKT and GSK3β were used as a control. aP < 0.05, vs control group; cP < 0.05, vs LPS/D-GalN group. D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 7
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Figure 7 Effect of oxymatrine on active caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2. Representative western blot analysis of active caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2. β-actin was used as an internal control. aP < 0.05 vs control group; cP < 0.05 vs LPS/D-GalN group. D-GalN: D-galactosamine; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; OMT: Oxymatrine.
Figure 8
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Figure 8 The expression of TLR4, active caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in each group (magnification × 200).