Ischemic preconditioning ameliorates intestinal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats

Figure 1 Intestinal tissue malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in rats. A: Malondialdehyde; B: Myeloperoxidase (MPO); and C: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in intestinal tissue. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.01 vs S group; ^bP < 0.01 vs IR group. S: Sham group; IP: Ischemic-preconditioning group; IR: Ischemia-reperfusion group.

Figure 2 Morphologic changes in rat intestinal tissue. A: Representative morphologic pictures of intestinal tissues (hematoxylin-eosin staining; × 400 magnification); B: Intestinal injury scores in rats. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.01 vs S group; ^cP < 0.05 vs IR group. S: Sham group; IP: Ischemic-preconditioning group; IR: Ischemia-reperfusion group.

Figure 3 Protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in rat intestinal tissue. Protein expression was measured by Western blot. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.01 vs S group; ^cP < 0.05 vs IR group. S: Sham group; IP: Ischemic-preconditioning group; IR: Ischemia-reperfusion group; ICAM: Intercellular adhesion molecule; VCAM: Vascular cell adhesion molecule.

Figure 4 Nuclear factor-κB activity and protein expression in rat intestinal tissue. A: Nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity was tested by a commercial kit; B: NF-κB protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.01 vs S group; ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.05 vs IR group. S: Sham group; IP: Ischemic-preconditioning group; IR: Ischemia-reperfusion group.