Review
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2014; 20(23): 7416-7423
Published online Jun 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7416
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Colonoscopy showing typical yellow pseudomembranes that cover superficial mucosal ulcerations.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Algorithm for treatment of Clostridium difficile infections (adapted from[1,10,11]). iv: Intravenously; NGT: Nasogastric tube; CDI: Clostridium difficile infection.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 Algorithm for treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infections (adapted from[1,10,11]). eod: Every other day.
Figure 4
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Figure 4 Perturbation of intestinal microbiota by antibiotics allowing Clostridium difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplantation effect (adapted from[27]). A: Antibiotic use destroys some sensitive bacteria and reduces the microbiota diversity and resistance to colonization by opportunistic pathogens; B: In the absence of opportunistic infection, microbiota usually recover its homeostasis; C: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection can lead to persistent dysbiosis; D: Fecal microbiota transplantation restores microbiota diversity and colonization resistance and allows the elimination of C. difficile.