Forward-viewing endoscopic ultrasound-guided NOTES interventions: A study on peritoneoscopic potential

Figure 1 Peritonescopy and endoscopic biopsy of the intraperitoneal organs. A: Liver; B: Spleen; C: Abdominal wall; D: Omentum.

Figure 2 Forward-viewing endoscopic ultrasound image of the intraperitoneal organs and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration using a 19G aspiration needle (white arrow). A: Liver; B: Kidney; C: Spleen.

Figure 3 Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radio frequency ablation using an 18G radiofrequency ablation needle on the hepatic parenchyma. A: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) needle (white arrow) in the hepatic parenchyma with echogenic ablation zone (red arrow); B: RFA needle tip with ablation zone (red arrow) echogenic marker (white arrow); C: Gross pathology of ablated tissue in the liver parenchyma.

Figure 4 Argon plasma coagulation for hemostatic control of artificially induced bleeding at the spleen. A: Bleeding induced by a biopsy forcep; B: Surface bleeding seen at the spleen; C: Argon plasma coagulation catheter introduced to achieve thermal coagulation; D: Hemostasis successfully achieved.