Current status in the treatment options for esophageal achalasia

Figure 1 High-resolution manometry with pressure topography plotting classified achalasia into three subtypes. A: Type I (classic achalasia) refers to patients with absent of peristalsis, no pressurization within the esophageal body, high integrated relaxation pressure (IRP); B: Type II (achalasia with compression) refers to patients with absent of peristalsis, and contractile activity, panesophageal pressurization > 30 mmHg, and high IRP; C: Type III patient (spastic achalasia), associates with absent of peristalsis, and two or more spastic contractions with or without periods of compartmentalized pressurization and a high IRP.

Figure 2 Proposed algorithm for the treatment of esophageal achalasia.