Helicobacter pylori's virulence and infection persistence define pre-eclampsia complicated by fetal growth retardation

Figure 1 Percentage of Helicobacter pylori (A), CagA (B), VacA (C), and CagA/VacA (D) seropositive women in control, PE, PE FGR, and FGR groups. ^aP < 0.05 between controls and PE-FGR; ^cP < 0.05 between controls and PE without FGR. CagA: Cytotoxin-associated antigen A; VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin A; PE: Pre-eclampsia; FGR: Fetal growth retardation.

Figure 2 Percentage of Ureases (A-D), HspB (E), and FlagA (F) seropositive women in control, PE, PE FGR, and FGR groups. ^aP < 0.05 vs controls. HspB: Heat shock protein B; FlagA: Flagellin A; Ure: Urease; PE: Pre-eclampsia; FGR: Fetal growth retardation.