Novel image-enhanced endoscopy with i-scan technology

Figure 1 Principle of surface enhancement (SE). A: Enhancement of the edge; B: Enhancement of the minute structure.

Figure 2 Images using SE and contrast enhancement (CE). A: Conventional image; B: SE image; C: CE image; D: SE + CE image.

Figure 3 Principle of CE. A: Enhancement of the low luminance area; B: Relative enhancement of the B component.

Figure 4 Principle of tone enhancement (A) and tone curve (B). TE: Tone enhancement.

Figure 5 Tone curve. A: TE-e; B:TE-g; C:TE-c.

Figure 6 Case 1 (esophageal cancer). A: Conventional image: A slightly reddish irregular area was recognized in the right wall of the thoracic middle esophagus; B: SE + CE image: As compared with conventional image, the lesion could be recognized as an irregular area with clear boundaries; C and D: TE-e image: As compared with conventional image and SE + CE image, the demarcation line of the lesion could be recognized more clearly as a reddish irregular area. This was pathologically diagnosed as carcinoma in situ that corresponded to this region.

Figure 7 Case 2 (gastric cancer). A: Conventional image: A red depressed lesions was visible on the anterior wall of the lower gastric body, but it was difficult to identify the demarcation of it; B: SE + CE image: The differences of the mucosal structure and color of the lesion could be observed; C, D: TE image: The demarcation of the lesion could be identified more clearly, observing changes in mucosal structure and color tone; E: Pathological diagnosis indicated a well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, localized in the mucosal layer.