Schistosoma mansoni proteins attenuate gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice

Figure 1 Effect of 25 μg Schistosoma mansoni soluble worm (SmSWP) proteins on clinical disease score (A), macroscopic score (B), extent of inflammation (C), microscopic score (D) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (E) 5 d after trinitrobenzene sulphate (TNBS)-induced colitis. Grey bars represent phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated TNBS mice; black bars represent SmSWP-treated TNBS mice. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Non-parametric data (A, B, D) were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, parametric data (C, E) were analyzed by the Student’s t-test; n = 8-10; ^aP≤ 0.05, significant effect of SmSWP treatment.

Figure 2 Effect of 25 μg S. mansoni proteins on geometric center 3 d (A) and 5 d (B) after the induction of colitis. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with the Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) post hoc test; n = 7-10; ^aP≤ 0.05, significant colitis effect; ^cP≤ 0.05, post hoc analysis showed a statistically significant difference from the other 3 groups.

Figure 3 Peristaltic tracings as recorded in the control-PBS group (A), the control-25 μg SmSWP group (B), the TNBS-PBS group on day 3 (C), the TNBS-PBS group on day 5 (D), the TNBS-25 μg SmSWP group on day 3 (E) and the TNBS-25 μg SmSWP group on day 5 (F).

Figure 4 Effect of 25 μg S. mansoni proteins on the amplitude and interval of peristaltic waves 3 d (A, B) and 5 d (C, D) after the induction of colitis. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with SNK post hoc test; n = 7-9 (except for the TNBS-PBS group on day 3 n = 4) ; ^aP≤ 0.05, significant colitis effect; ^cP≤ 0.05, post hoc analysis showed a significant difference from the other 3 groups.

Figure 5 Interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL) mRNA expression of T helper (Th) 1 (A), Th17 (B), regulatory T (Treg) (C) and Th2 (D) cells isolated from colonic tissue at day 5. Data are expressed as relative expression and the control-PBS group was chosen as calibrator. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with SNK post hoc test when appropriate; n = 5-8 (except for IL-17 n = 2-5); ^aP≤ 0.05, significant colitis effect, no significant effect of worm protein treatment was shown at day 5.