Insulin like growth factor-1 increases fatty liver preservation in IGL-1 solution

Figure 1 Alanine aminotransferase (A) and aspartate aminotransferase (B) levels in perfusate after 24 h cold storage, alanine aminotransferase (C) and aspartate aminotransferase (D) levels in perfusate after 30 and 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Cont 1: Liver flushed without cold preservation; IGL-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 solution; IGL-1 + IGF-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 with IGF-1. ^aP < 0.05 vs Cont 1, ^cP < 0.05 vs IGL-1. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; IGF-1: Insulin like growth factor-1; IGL-1: Institut georges lopez-1.

Figure 2 Percentage of sulfobromophthalein in bile (A) and vascular resistance (B) of steatotic livers after 30 and 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Cont 2: Liver flushed and perfused ex vivo without cold preservation; IGL-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 solution; IGL-1 + IGF-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 with IGF-1. ^aP < 0.05 vs Cont 2, ^cP < 0.05 vs IGL-1. BSP: Sulfobromophthalein; IGF-1: Insulin like growth factor-1; IGL-1: Institut georges lopez-1.

Figure 3 Beneficial effects of insulin like growth factor-1 on AKT and nitric oxide in steatotic liver graft preservation. A: Representative Western blottings of total and p-AKT at the top and densitometric analysis at the bottom after 24 h of cold storage and 120 min of normothermic reperfusion; B: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein levels in liver after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Representative Western blottings at the top and densitometric analysis at the bottom; C: Nitrite and nitrate levels after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Cont 2: Liver flushed and perfused ex vivo without cold preservation; IGL-1: Liver preserved in IGL-1 solution; IGL-1 + IGF-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 with IGF-1. ^aP < 0.05 vs Cont 2, ^cP < 0.05 vs IGL-1. IGF-1: Insulin like growth factor-1; IGL-1: Institut georges lopez-1.

Figure 4 Role of insulin like growth factor-1 on oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and tumor necrosis factor-α release in steatotic liver. A: Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels after 120 min of reperfusion; B: Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) activity levels after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion; C: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in perfusate after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Cont 2: Liver flushed and perfused ex vivo without cold preservation; IGL-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 solution; IGL-1 + IGF-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 with IGF-1. ^aP < 0.05 vs Cont 2, ^cP < 0.05 vs IGL-1. IGF-1: Insulin like growth factor-1; IGL-1: Institut georges lopez-1.

Figure 5 Effects of insulin like growth factor-1 on p-P38 and p-ERK in steatotic livers subjected to cold ischemia reperfusion. A: P38 protein levels in liver after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Representative Western blottings of total and p-P38 at the top and densitometric analysis at the bottom after 24 h of cold storage and 120 min of normothermic reperfusion; B: ERK 1/2 protein levels in liver after 120 min of normothermic reperfusion. Representative Western blottings of total and p-ERK 1/2 at the top and densitometric analysis at the bottom. Cont 2: Liver flushed and perfused ex vivo without cold preservation; IGL-1: Lliver preserved in IGL-1 solution; IGL-1 + IGF-1: Livers preserved in IGL-1 with IGF-1. ^aP < 0.05 vs Cont 2, ^cP < 0.05 vs IGL-1. IGF-1: Insulin like growth factor-1; IGL-1: Institut georges lopez-1.