Classification of histological severity of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis by confocal laser endomicroscopy

Figure 1 Confocal laser endomicroscopy classification of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis severity in gastric antrum and corpus. A, B: Normal mucosa with normal antral and corporal pits, and free of fluorescein leakage; C, D: Active inflammation (mild) with slightly distorted pits and intact epithelium, scattered focal fluorescein leakage (arrows); E, F: Active inflammation (moderate) with more distorted pits and partly destroyed epithelium (arrows), and more fluorescein leakage; G, H: Active inflammation (marked) with markedly distorted pits and dilated opening, destroyed epithelium (arrows), and widespread fluorescein leakage; I, J: Glandular atrophy with decreased gastric pits and markedly dilated opening (arrows); K, L: Intestinal metaplasia with villous-like gastric pits and goblet cells (black arrows), absorptive cells (white arrows) and brush border (arrowheads) appearing. CLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy.

Figure 2 Box plot analysis of mean confocal gastritis score in 4 Helicobacter pylori test groups. mCGS: Mean confocal gastritis score.

Figure 3 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showing the sensitivity and specificity of confocal laser endomicroscopy and mean confocal gastritis score for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. AUC: Area under curve; mCGS: Mean confocal gastritis score.

Figure 4 Correlation between mean confocal gastritis score and mean histologic gastritis score for histological chronic inflammation (R² = 0. 795, A) and activity (R² = 0.736, B). mCGS: Mean confocal gastritis score; mHGS: Mean histologic gastritis score.

Figure 5 Gastric pits on confocal laser endomicroscopy images. CLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy.

Figure 6 Prevalence of intestinal metaplasia features on confocal laser endomicroscopy images. IM: Intestinal metaplasia; CLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy.