Obstructing fungal cholangitis complicating metal biliary stent placement in pancreatic cancer

Figure 1 Endoscopic and cholangiographic views of biliary obstruction in patient 1. A: Biliary/fungal debris occluding metal biliary stent; B: “Fungal balls” (arrow) obstructing the bile ducts by cholangiography.

Figure 2 Endoscopic and cholangiographic views of biliary obstruction in patient 2. A: “Fungal ball” visible in the common bile duct; B: Cholangiogram showing fungal debris (arrow) around the metal biliary stent.

Figure 3 Cholangiographic view of fungal balls (ex. arrow) within the percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheter in case 3.

Figure 4 Cholangiographic view of fungal debris (arrow) within a metal biliary stent in case 4.