Unsedated transnasal small-caliber esophagogastroduodenoscopy in elderly and bedridden patients

Figure 1 Time course of changes in RPP and SpO₂ (Study 1). A: RPP tended to increase more in the TO group than in the TN group, although this difference did not reach statistical significance; B: SpO₂ fell significantly at 2 and 5 min after the start of transoral endoscopic examination. Bars show SE. ^aP < 0.05.

Figure 2 Time course of changes in RPP and SpO₂ (Study 2). A: RPP increased significantly more in the TO group than in the TN group. B: SpO₂ fell significantly at 2 min after the start of examination in the TO group. Bars show SE. ^aP < 0.05.

Figure 3 Changes in leukocyte counts (A) and CRP values (B) (Study 2). Counts and CRP increased significantly by the third day after transoral endoscopy (TO), but did not change after transnasal endoscopy (TN). Bars show SE. ^bP < 0.001.