Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in a large unselected general population in Japan

Figure 1 Prevalence of each symptom. Overall gender-specific prevalence rate for heartburn, dysphagia, and abdominal pain. Among these symptoms, heartburn was significantly high compared with the other symptoms. All symptoms were significantly more common in females than in males (χ² test, P < 0.0001 vs the symptom group).

Figure 2 Age- and gender-specific prevalence rate for heartburn over a 1 mo period. Heartburn was significantly high in females in the 60-89-year age group (χ² test, ^bP < 0.0001 vs each generation group).

Figure 3 Age- and gender-specific prevalence rate for dysphagia over a 1 mo period. Dysphagia was significantly more frequent in females than in males in all age groups (χ² test, ^bP < 0.0001 and ^aP < 0.05 vs each generation group).

Figure 4 Age- and gender-specific prevalence rate for abdominal pain over a 1 mo period. Women were significantly more symptomatic than men in all age groups, except 30-39 years (χ² test, ^bP < 0.0001 and ^aP < 0.05 vs each generation group).