Preventive effect of a pectic polysaccharide of the common cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos L. on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice

Figure 1 Macroscopic examination of the colonic mucosa before (A) and 24 h after acetic acid injection (B-E). Mice were treated two days previously with (B) saline (damage score 4, square area of injury 40%); (C) prednisolone 5 mg/kg (damage score 2, square area of injury 1%); (D) OP, 100 mg/kg (damage score 2, square area of injury 3%); (E) apple pectin, 100 mg/kg (damage score 3, square area of injury 25%). The colon without the cecum was removed and opened along the mesenteric border.

Figure 2 Effect of oxycoccusan OP on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colonic tissue of mice with acetic acid-induced colitis. Values are means ± SD (n = 7), ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs the colitis group.

Figure 3 Effect of oxycoccusan OP (100 mg/kg) on the levels of bound mucus in the colon of mice. Values are means ± SD (n = 7), ^bP < 0.01 vs the appropriate control.

Figure 4 Effect of oxycoccusan OP on the vascular permeability of the healthy mice. Values are means ± SD (n = 7), ^bP < 0.01 vs the control.

Figure 5 Effect of oxycoccusan OP on the adhesion of peritoneal leukocytes of the healthy mice. Values are means ± SD (n = 7), ^aP < 0.05 vs the control.