Effect of glutamate on inflammatory responses of intestine and brain after focal cerebral ischemia

Figure 1 Mean artery pressure (MAP) changes during cerebral ischemia and MSG insults. There were no significant changes between inter-groups or intra-groups.

Figure 2 Heart rate changes during cerebral ischemia and MSG insults. There were no significant changes between inter-groups or intra-groups.

Figure 3 TNF-α production in intestine (A) and cerebra (B). TNF-α concentrations elevated in MSG-treated and ischemia/MSG-treated rats. Compared with that of MSG-treated rats, TNF-α levels deceased one-fold in ischemia/MSG-treated rats. ^aP<0.05 vs control, ^bP<0.01 vs control, ^cP<0.05 vs MSG group.

Figure 4 NF-κB activation in intestinal tissues (A) and in cerebral tissue (B). Lane1: controls, lane 2: MSG-treated rats, lane 3:cerebral-ischemic rats, lane 4: NF-κB intensity of ischemia/MSG-treated rats ^aP<0.05 vs control, ^bP<0.01 vs control, ^cP<0.05 vs MSG-treatment.