Expanding role and scope of artificial intelligence in the field of gastrointestinal pathology

Table 1 Main artificial intelligence-based algorithms for use in the gastrointestinal pathology field

AI algorithms	Role in gastrointestinal pathology	Key uses	Examples
Machine learning	Assisting in diagnosis and classification of gastrointestinal diseases	Improved diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment plans	Predictive models for colorectal cancer risk, classification of polyps in colonoscopy images
Deep learning	Analyzing endoscopic and histopathologic images	Enhanced image recognition, reduced human error	Convolutional neural networks for detecting and classifying lesions in endoscopic images
Natural language processing	Extracting relevant information from medical records and literature	Efficient data mining, real-time clinical decision support	Automated extraction of patient data from electronic health records for research and clinical use
Computer vision	Real-time analysis of endoscopic videos	Immediate feedback during procedures, increased detection rates of abnormalities	Detection of bleeding, polyps, and other abnormalities during live endoscopy procedures
Reinforcement learning	Optimizing treatment plans and clinical pathways	Adaptive learning from real-world outcomes, improved clinical decision-making	Personalized treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease based on patient response
Predictive analytics	Forecasting disease progression and patient outcomes	Proactive patient management, early intervention	Predicting flare-ups in Crohn’s disease, forecasting outcomes after gastrointestinal surgeries
Robotics integration	Enhancing precision in minimally invasive surgeries	Increased surgical precision, reduced recovery time	AI-assisted robotic surgery for gastrointestinal procedures, such as robotic-assisted colectomy
Genomic data analysis	Identifying genetic markers associated with gastrointestinal diseases	Personalized medicine, targeted therapies	Analyzing genetic data to find markers for conditions like Lynch syndrome and hereditary pancreatitis

AI: Artificial intelligence.