Newer developments in viral hepatitis: Looking beyond hepatotropic viruses

Table 4 Studies evaluation coronavirus disease 2019 infection post liver transplantation

Ref.	Patients	Type	Study highlight with regards to liver transplant
Coll et al[168]	110	Retrospective	Higher incidence of COVID (two-fold) in solid organ transplant patients. Eighty-five percent patients had adjustment in their immunosuppression
Becchetti et al[169]	57	Multicenter Prospective	Of 12% overall fatality rate and 17% in-hospital fatality rate. Patients with history of cancer had poorer outcomes
Colmonero et al[170]	111	Prospective	LT patients with increased risk of contracting COVID-19 but lower mortality when compared with matched general population. Dose reduction/withdrawal in mycophenolate helped prevent severe COVID-19 but complete discontinuation of immunosuppressants discouraged.
Webb et al[171]	151	Multicenter Prospective	Need for invasive mechanical ventilation and ICU admission more in LT group when compared with a control cohort – 20% vs 5 % and 28% vs 8% respectively. LT not independently associated with death, but presence of comorbidities and increased age were
Belli et al[172]	240	Multicenter retrospective	Of 84% patients required hospitalization, 25% of hospitalized patients died. Use of Tacrolimus associated with increased survival probability
Bhoori et al[159]	111	Retrospective	Three patients died of COVID-19 and all of them were male, > 65 years with multiple comorbidities and minimal immunosuppression
Rabiee et al[173]	112	Prospective	Hospital and ICU mortality rates lower rates in matched patients with chronic liver disease without LT
Mansoor et al[174]	126	Retrospective	Higher risk of hospitalization in LT patients. No difference in mortality and need for ICU in LT patients vs non- LT patients
Tejedor-Tejada et al[175]	16	Retrospective	Post COVID-19 syndrome present with mild symptoms but no loss of liver graft or graft dysfunction noted

LT: Liver transplant; ICU: Intensive care unit; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease-2019.