Therapeutic applications of dental pulp stem cells in regenerating dental, periodontal and oral-related structures

Figure 4 Mandibular bone defect. A: Photograph showing a 10-mm diameter, full-thickness mandibular defect with the removal of the mandibular first premolar and both cortical plates; B: Cone-beam computed tomography systems reconstruction of the critical-size bone defect; C: The 10-mm trephine bur with autogenous tibial bone graft; D: Gelfoam placed on the defect. Courtesy provided by the staff members of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.