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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Meta-Anal. Apr 28, 2021; 9(2): 153-163
Published online Apr 28, 2021. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i2.153
Table 1 Characteristics of study findings and identified metabolomic profiles in 13 clinical studies
No.
Ref.
Major finding
1Perng et al[36], 2020BCAA levels and products of BCAA catabolism were higher in males than females with comparable BMI z-score; In multivariate analyses, HOMA-IR in males correlated positively with BMI z-score and a metabolic signature containing BCAA, uric acid, and long-chain acylcarnitines and negatively with byproducts of complete fatty acid oxidation
2Hosking et al[14], 2019In longitudinal analysis, IR was associated with reduced concentrations of BCAA, 2-ketobutyrate, citrate and 3-hydroxybutyrate, and higher concentrations of lactate and alanine
3Suzuki et al[44], 2019HOMA-IR was positively correlated with valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, lysine, alanine, tyrosine, glutamate, proline, arginine, ornithine, total free amino acids and aspartate; Blood uric acid levels were positively correlated with leucine and glutamate, and negatively correlated with serine, glycine, and asparagine
4Perng et al[34], 2018BCAA and androgen hormone metabolite patterns are related to changes in metabolic parameters in a sex-specific manner during early adolescence
5Xia et al[37], 2018Disrupted arginine and proline metabolism associated with phthalate exposure might contribute to the development of overweight and obesity in school-age children
6Moran-Ramos et al[38], 2017Principal component analysis showed a serum amino acid signature composed of arginine, leucine/isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, valine and proline significantly associated with obesity and serum triglycerides
7Goffredo et al[39], 2017A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature characterizes obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
8Hellmuth et al[40], 2016Tyrosine alterations in association with insulin resistance precede alteration in BCAA metabolism
9Mastrangelo et al[43], 2016The majority of metabolites differing between groups were lysophospholipids (15) and amino acids (17), indicating inflammation and central carbon metabolism as the most altered processes in impaired insulin signaling
10Lee et al[41], 2015Obese children presented significantly higher levels of BCAAs and several acylcarnitines and lower levels of acyl-alkyl phosphatidylcholines; Baseline BCAAs were significantly positively correlated with both HOMA-IR and continuous metabolic risk score at the 2-year follow-up
11Butte et al[42], 2015BCAAs and their catabolites, propionylcarnitine and butyrylcarnitine, were significantly elevated in obese children; Lower lysolipids and dicarboxylated fatty acids were seen in obese children; Steroid derivatives were markedly higher in obese children, as were markers of inflammation and oxidative stress
12Perng W et al[33], 2014BCAA and androgen metabolites were associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk during mid-childhood
13Newbern et al[35], 2014BCAA levels and byproducts of BCAA catabolism are higher in obese teenage boys than girls of comparable BMI z-score; A metabolic signature comprising BCAA and uric acid correlates positively with HOMA-IR in males and TG to HDL ratio in females and inversely with adiponectin in males but not females