Efficacy and safety outcomes with remdesivir in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis

Table 1 General and baseline characteristics of included studies

Reference	Design	Study population	Total number of participants randomized/ completed	Age, mean ± SD years/median (IQR)	Male gender, %	Coexisting conditions, %	Severity status, %	Drug, dose and duration of interventions		Follow-up duration in d
								Remdesivir	Comparator
Beigel et al[14]	Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial	Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with evidence of lower respiratory tract involvement	Total: 1062/1025; Remdesivir: 541/517; Placebo: 521/508	Remdesivir: 58.6 ± 14.6; Placebo: 59.2 ± 15.4	Total: 64.4; Remdesivir: 65.1; Placebo: 63.7	Remdesivir: DM (30.8) HT (50.6); Placebo: DM (30.4); HT (50.9)	Remdesivir: MV or ECMO (24.2); Placebo: MV or ECMO (29.6)	Day 1: 200 mg iv loading dose on day 2-10: 100 mg iv daily	Placebo	29
WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium et al[15]	Open-labeled, randomized controlled Trial	Hospitalized COVID-19 patients	Remdesivir: 2750/2743; SC: 2725/2708	Remdesivir: NS; SC: NS	Total: 62.9; Remdesivir: 62.2; SC: 63.7	Remdesivir: DM (25.8); HD (20.8); Asthma (5.1); SC: DM (24.6); HD (20.9); Asthma (5.1)	Remdesivir: Ventilated (9.2); SC: Ventilated (8.6)	Day 1: 200 mg iv loading dose on day 2-10: 100 mg iv daily	SC	28
Spinner et al[20]	Open-labeled, randomized controlled Trial	Hospitalized moderate severity COVID-19 pneumonia patients	Total: 397/393; Remdesivir: 197/193; SC: 200/200	Remdesivir: 56 (45-66)1; SC: 57 (45-66)1	Remdesivir: 61; SC: 63	Remdesivir: DM (44); HD (58); HT (44); Asthma (16); SC: HT (41); Asthma (14); DM (38); HD (54);	Remdesivir: Supplemental oxygen (13); SC: Supplemental oxygen (19)	Day 1: 200 mg iv loading dose on day 2-10: 100 mg iv daily	SC	28
Wang et al[21]	Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial	Severe COVID-19 with pneumonia	Total: 237/226; Remdesivir: 158/150; Placebo: 79/76	Test: 66 (57-73)1; Placebo: 64 (53-70)1	Remdesivir: 56; Placebo: 65	Remdesivir: DM (25); HT (46); HD (9); Placebo: DM (21); HT (38); HD (3)	Remdesivir: Supplemental oxygen (100); Placebo: Supplemental oxygen (95)	Day 1: 200 mg iv loading dose on day 2-10: 100 mg iv daily	Placebo	28

¹Median (interquartile range). All patients received either remdesivir or placebo as an add-on to supportive care. DM: Diabetes mellitus; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HD: Heart disease; HT: Hypertension; IQR: Interquartile range; MV: Mechanical ventilation; NS: Not specified; SC: Supportive care; WHO: World Health Organization.