COVID-19: Off-label therapies based on mechanism of action while waiting for evidence-based medicine recommendations

Table 1 Mechanisms of some anti-coronavirus disease 2019 drugs

Drug	Inhibition of viral internalization into host cells	Inhibition of viral replication in the host cells	Modulation of immune response to virus infection	Effectiveness against virus
Hydroxychloroquine	Yes	No	Yes	Probably effective in the initial stage of the disease
Azithromycin	Yes	Yes	Yes	Probably effective in all stages of the disease
Indomethacin	No	Yes	Yes	Probably effective in the initial and intermediate stages of the disease
Doxycycline	Yes	Yes	Yes	Probably effective in all stages of the disease
Sofosbuvir with ledipasvir or with velpatasvir	No	Yes	No	Probably effective in all stages of the disease
Ivermectin	No	Yes	No	Probably effective in all stages of the disease
Remdesivir	No	Yes	No	Probably effective in all stages of the disease