Different types of mechanical complications after surgical correction of adult spine deformity with osteotomy

Table 7 Risk factors for mechanical complications of spine (all types: Vertebral fracture, proximal junctional failure, and distal segment degeneration/failure) after surgical correction of adult spinal deformity with osteotomy

Risk factor(s)	OR (95%Cl: min; max)	P value	Predictive values
			Sn	Sp	+PV	-PV
Postoperative SVA > 106 mm	11.3 (1.1; 118.1)	0.043	0.20	0.98	0.75	0.79
Type of osteotomy: SPO vs PSO	0.39 (0.1;1.1)	0.046	0.29	0.49	0.16	0.67
Fall after operation before mechanical complication	5.3 (1.6; 17.5)	0.006	0.33	0.91	0.57	0.80
Postoperative change of TK > 25° (absolute values)	4.8 (1.1; 20.8)	0.041	0.31	0.91	0.56	0.79
Postoperative change of PT > 8° (absolute values)	3.3 (0.9; 11.1)	0.045	0.69	0.60	0.38	0.84
Postoperative change of PI-LL > 34° (absolute values)	3.8 (0.9; 15.6)	0.065	0.31	0.89	0.50	0.79
Integral index by multiple regression modeling (1) ≥ 0.46	14 (2.7; 73.6)	< 0.001	0.85	0.72	0.50	0.93

SVA: Sagittal vertical axis; TK: Thoracic kyphosis; PT: Pelvic tilt; PI-LL: Pelvic incidence (PI)-lumbar lordosis (LL) mismatch; PSO: Pedicle subtraction osteotomy; SPO: Smith-Peterson osteotomy; OR: Odds ratio; 95%Cl: min; max: 95% confidence limits, maximum and minimum values; Sn: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; +PV: Positive predictive value; -PV: Negative predictive value.