Role of self-expanding metal stents in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Re-intervention rates

Category and subgroups		Studies	Event rate (%)	95%CI	P value	I2 value
Overall re-intervention rate		20	13.6	10.1-18.0	0.000	68.79
Indication	Palliation	8	16.7	11.8-22.9	0.077	45.30
	BTS	4	3.3	1.2-8.4	0.758	0.00
Center	Single Center	17	14.2	10.3-19.2	0.000	70.10
	Multicenter	3	10.3	4.3-22.6	0.114	53.94
Design	Prospective	7	14.8	9.5-22.4	0.069	48.81
	Retrospective	12	13.6	9.1-19.9	0.000	75.17
Region	Asia	6	11.6	6.8-19.3	0.066	51.74
	Europe	9	13.2	8.8-19.4	0.011	59.63
	North America	3	14.7	11.3-19.0	0.034	70.54
Surgical intervention rate		20	5.8	3.9-8.5	0.011	46.79
Indication	Palliation	8	7.6	4.1-13.8	0.048	50.62
	BTS	4	3.2	1.1-8.7	0.641	0.00
Center	Single Center	17	6.1	4.0-9.2	0.009	50.50
	Multicenter	3	3.6	1.3-9.2	0.675	0.00
Design	Prospective	7	5.1	2.6-9.8	0.193	30.76
	Retrospective	12	5.9	3.5-9.9	0.007	57.59
Region	Asia	6	4.2	2.2-7.9	0.411	0.81
	Europe	9	5.4	2.9-9.9	0.051	48.24
	North America	3	9.2	3.7-21.2	0.016	75.87
Endoscopic re-stent rate		20	8.0	6.4-9.9	0.439	2.15
Indication	Palliation	8	9.7	6.6-14.2	0.304	16.02
	BTS	4	1.5	0.4-5.7	0.973	0.00
Center	Single Center	17	8.3	6.6-10.2	0.486	0.00
	Multicenter	3	3.9	1.1-12.3	0.296	17.95
Design	Prospective	7	8.4	5.3-13.1	0.320	14.45
	Retrospective	12	7.9	6.1-10.1	0.486	0.00
Region	Asia	6	8.5	4.5-15.3	0.113	43.89
	Europe	9	6.8	4.8-9.7	0.706	0.00
	North America	3	8.3	5.7-11.8	0.600	0.00
Other endoscopic intervention rate		21	3.8	2.7-5.3	0.620	0.00
Indication	Palliation	8	3.1	1.5-6.1	0.601	0.00
	BTS	4	1.8	0.5-6.0	0.993	0.00
Center	Single Center	18	3.4	2.3-4.8	0.737	0.00
	Multicenter	3	6.3	2.7-13.7	0.333	8.99
Design	Prospective	7	4.2	2.3-7.7	0.412	1.59
	Retrospective	13	3.7	2.5-5.5	0.553	0.00
Region	Asia	6	1.8	0.8-4.3	0.980	0.00
	Europe	10	3.7	2.0-6.6	0.280	17.68
	North America	3	4.7	2.9-7.8	0.475	0.00

BTS: Bridge to surgery.