Role of self-expanding metal stents in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 3 Safety of self-expandable metal stent placement

Category and subgroups		Studies	Event rate (%)	95%CI	P value	I2 value
Overall complication rate		25	23.1	18.5-28.6	0.000	81.86
Indication	Palliation	10	27.3	18.7-38	0.000	80.60
	BTS	3	13.8	8.3-22.2	0.371	0.00
Center	Single Center	20	25.2	20.1-31.1	0.000	78.20
	Multicenter	5	16.2	10.8-23.6	0.058	56.11
Design	Prospective	8	20.6	13.6-30.0	0.000	82.64
	Retrospective	16	25.0	19.1-31.8	0.000	79.08
Center	Asia	9	25.1	16.1-36.9	0.000	84.93
	Europe	12	21.3	15.1-29.1	0.000	81.28
	North America	3	28.0	21.9-35	1.000	0.00
Obstruction rate		25	8.3	6.0-11.4	0.000	68.79
Indication	Palliation	10	9.5	5.4-16.4	0.001	69.55
	BTS	3	1.9	0.5-7.1	0.959	0.00
Center	Single Center	20	8.7	6.2-12.1	0.000	63.23
	Multicenter	5	3.1	1.8-5.4	0.000	80.21
Design	Prospective	8	8.2	4.9-13.5	0.001	70.11
	Retrospective	16	8.7	5.7-13.0	0.000	67.79
Region	Asia	9	9.8	5.3-17.2	0.000	74.58
	Europe	12	7.7	4.8-12.1	0.001	63.77
	North America	3	7.5	5.1-10.9	0.961	0.00
Migration rate		29	7.6	5.7-10.0	0.000	55.48
Indication	Palliation	10	10.2	7.1-14.5	0.150	32.56
	BTS	7	4.1	2.0-8.1	0.687	0.00
Center	Single Center	23	9.7	7.7-12.1	0.061	33.51
	Multicenter	6	2.1	1.2-3.6	0.977	0.00
Design	Prospective	10	5.5	2.6-11.3	0.000	79.25
	Retrospective	18	9.0	7.3-11.1	0.389	5.55
Center	Asia	12	10.2	7.9-13.0	0.434	0.95
	Europe	13	5.4	2.9-10.0	0.000	75.80
	North America	3	7.8	5.4-11.3	0.972	0.00
Perforation rate		29	4.9	3.6-6.6	0.037	34.39
Indication	Palliation	10	5.4	2.9-9.8	0.054	46.00
	BTS	7	4.0	1.9-8.2	0.646	0.00
Center	Single Center	23	5.1	3.6-7.2	0.042	36.56
	Multicenter	6	4.0	2.6-4.7	0.586	0.00
Design	Prospective	10	3.1	2.1-4.7	0.722	0.00
	Retrospective	18	6.2	4.4-8.6	0.117	29.48
Center	Asia	12	3.6	1.8-7.0	0.024	50.02
	Europe	13	4.4	3.2-6.0	0.472	0.00
	North America	3	8.4	5.8-11.9	0.463	0.00

BTS: Bridge to surgery.